Olney is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Buster Olney (born 1964), baseball commentator Cyrus Olney (1815–1870), American politician and judge David Olney (1948–2020), American singer and songwriter Frank F. Olney (1851–1903) 18th mayor of Providence, Rhode Island 1894-1896 Frederick C. Olney (1862–1918), African-American lawyer with Native American ancestry Howard Olney (1934–2025), Australian jurist and Aboriginal Lands Commissioner Ian Olney (born 1969), English association footballer Jeremiah Olney (1749–1812), Continental Army soldier and older brother of Stephen Olney Jesse Olney (1798–1872), American geographer John Olney (1932–2015), physician, medical scientist and critic of food additives Martha Olney (born 1956), economics professor and textbook author Peter B. Olney (1843–1922), New York County District Attorney 1883–1884 Richard Olney (1835–1917), United States Attorney General and Secretary of State Richard Olney II (1871–1939), Congressman from Massachusetts Richard Olney (food writer) (1927–1999), American writer Sarah Olney (born 1977), British Liberal Democrat politician and an accountant Stephen Olney (1755–1832), Continental Army soldier and Rhode Island legislator Violet Olney (1911–1999), British athlete Warren Olney (1841–1921), co-founder of the Sierra Club, mayor of Oakland, California Warren Olney Jr. (1870–1939), justice of the California Supreme Court Warren Olney IV (born 1938), broadcast journalist in Los Angeles, California Will Olney (born 1980), economics professor