Mavoungou is a Congolese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Donatien Mavoungou (1947–2020), Gabonese doctor Jocelyne Mavoungou (born 1986), Congolese handball player Julienne Mavoungou Makaya (1950–2020), Republic of the Congo politician Martin Parfait Aimé Coussoud-Mavoungou (1959–2022), Congolese politician and businessman Maurice Mavoungou, Congolese politician