The Nobel Prize () is a set of five different prizes that, according to its benefactor Alfred Nobel in his 1895 will, must be awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". The five prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
Since 1901, numerous nominators have forwarded their nominations of distinguished individuals or organizations for the prize, and most of these nominators were women.Nomination archive – Advanced search nobelprize.org The following is a list of the female nominators for the prestigious Nobel Prize:
Physics The Nobel Committee for Physics sends confidential forms to persons who are competent and qualified to nominate.Nomination and selection of physics laureates nobelprize.org According to the nomination process, the individuals are considered the qualified nominators for the physics prize:
Image Nominator Born Died Nominees Year(s) Nominated PhysicsMarie Skłodowska-CurieNomination archive – Marie Curie nobelprize.org7 November 1867 Warsaw, Poland4 July 1934 Passy, Haute-Savoie, FranceJoseph John Thompson (1856–1940)1905Henri Poincaré (1854–1912)1910Hertha SponerNomination archive – Hertha Sponer nobelprize.org1 September 1895 Nysa, Poland27 February 1968 Sehnde, GermanySamuel Goudsmit (1902–1978)1956George Uhlenbeck (1900–1988)Marie-Antoinette TonnelatNomination archive – Marie-Antoinette Tonnelat nobelprize.org5 March 1912 Charolles, France3 December 1980 Paris, FranceLouis Néel (1904–2000)1960Alfred Kastler (1902–1984)1965Anne Barbara UnderhillNomination archive – Anna Underhill nobelprize.org12 June 1920 Vancouver, Canada3 July 2003 Vancouver, CanadaHendrik Christoffel van de Hulst (1918–2000)1964Katharina Boll-DornbergerNomination archive – Katharina Boll-Dornberger nobelprize.org2 November 1909 Vienna, Austria27 July 1981 Berlin, GermanyJohn Desmond Bernal (1901–1971)1966Maria Goeppert MayerNomination archive – Maria Goeppert-Mayer nobelprize.org28 June 1906 Katowice, Poland20 February 1972 San Diego, California, United StatesBernd Theodor Matthias (1918–1980)1966, 1967, 1970, 1971Eleanor Margaret BurbidgeNomination archive – Eleanor Margaret Burbidge nobelprize.org12 August 1919 Davenport, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom5 April 2020 San Francisco, California, United StatesSubrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1910–1995)1970Dorothy Crowfoot HodgkinNomination archive – Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin nobelprize.org12 May 1910 Cairo, Egypt29 July 1994 Ilmington, United KingdomPaul Peter Ewald (1888–1985)1970, 1974Berta Karlik24 January 1904 Vienna, Austria-Hungary4 February 1990 Vienna, AustriaOtto Kratky (1902–1995)1973Inga Fischer-HjalmarsJanuary 16, 1918 Stockholm, SwedenSeptember 17, 2008 Lidingö, SwedenOskar Klein (1894–1977)1974
Chemistry For the chemistry prize, the following individuals are considered as qualified nominators:Nomination and selection of chemistry laureates nobelprize.org
Image Nominator Born Died Nominees Year(s) Nominated ChemistryMarie ReimerNomination archive – Marie Reimer nobelprize.org9 May 1867 United States24 February 1947 United StatesMoses Gomberg (1866–1947)1928Vincent du Vigneaud (1901–1978)1945Irène Joliot-CurieNomination archive – Irène Joliot-Curie nobelprize.org12 September 1897 Paris, France17 March 1956 Paris, FranceGeorge de Hevesy (1885–1966)1936Georges Urbain (1872–1938)Jacques Tréfouël (1897–1977)1944, 1946Linus Pauling (1901–1994)1954Anna ChrząszczewskaNomination archive – Anna Chrzaszczewska nobelprize.orgPolandPolandWojciech Świętosławski (1881–1968)1936Pauline Ramart-LucasNomination archive – Pauline Ramart-Lucas nobelprize.org22 November 1880 Paris, France17 March 1953 Paris, FranceErnest Fourneau (1872–1949)1940Jacques Tréfouël (1897–1977)1940, 1946, 1950Gabriel Bertrand (1867–1962)1948Thérèse Tréfouël (1892–1978)1950Gladwyn Buttle (1899–1983)1950Clara BensonNomination archive – Clara Benson nobelprize.org5 June 1875 Port Hope, Ontario, Canada24 March 1964 Port Hope, Ontario, CanadaDonald Van Slyke (1883–1971)1941Robley Cook Williams (1908–1995)1945Germaine CauquilNomination archive – Germaine Cauquil nobelprize.org1 November 1897 Montpellier, France30 January 1983 Montpellier, FranceErnest Fourneau (1872–1949)1949Maurice-Marie Janot (1903–1978)1957Maria Mercedes de MenarfaNomination archive – Maria Mercedes de Menarfa nobelprize.orgUruguayUruguayDomingo Giribaldo (1876–1950)1949Marguerite PereyNomination archive – Marguerite Perey nobelprize.org19 October 1909 Villemomble, France13 May 1975 Louveciennes, FranceGlenn Theodore Seaborg (1912–1999)1951Charles DuBois Coryell (1912–1971)1957Gerty Theresa Radnitz-CoriNomination archive – Gerty Cori nobelprize.org15 August 1896 Prague, Czech Republic26 October 1957 Glendale, Missouri, United StatesFrederick Sanger (1918–2013)1954Vincent du Vigneaud (1901–1978)Salli EskolaNomination archive – Salli Eskola nobelprize.org12 May 1906 Lammi, Finland11 October 1994 Helsinki, FinlandJohan Arvid Hedvall (1888–1974)1956Karl Freudenberg (1886–1983)1957Robert Burns Woodward (1917–1979)1960, 1962, 1963Irena ChmielewskaNomination archive – Irena Chmielewska nobelprize.org13 July 1905 Łódź, Poland17 January 1987 Warsaw, PolandMelvin Calvin (1911–1997)1957Antonia Elisabeth KorvezeeNomination archive – Antonia Korvezee nobelprize.org8 March 1899 Wijnaldum, Netherlands17 January 1978 The Hague, NetherlandsWilhelm Gerhard Burgers (1897–1988)1960Carolina Henriette MacGillavryNomination archive – Carolina Henriette MacGillavry nobelprize.org22 January 1904 Amsterdam, Netherlands9 May 1993 Amsterdam, NetherlandsJohannes Martin Bijvoet (1892–1980)1961, 1966Maria LippNomination archive – Maria Lipp nobelprize.org6 April 1892 Stolberg, Germany12 December 1966 Aachen, GermanyKarl Ziegler (1898–1973)1961Eva PhilbinNomination archive – Eva Philbin nobelprize.org4 January 1914 Ballina, County Mayo, Ireland24 June 2005 Dublin, IrelandChristopher Kelk Ingold (1893–1970)1964Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin12 May 1910 Cairo, Egypt29 July 1994 Ilmington, United KingdomJohannes Martin Bijvoet (1892–1980)1966, 1970Maria Goeppert Mayer28 June 1906 Katowice, Poland20 February 1972 San Diego, California, United StatesLars Onsager (1903–1976)1966, 1967Martin Kamen (1913–2002)1970Erika CremerNomination archive – Erika Cremer nobelprize.org20 May 1900 Munich, Germany21 September 1996 Innsbruck, AustriaErwin Wilhelm Müller (1911–1977)1967Ivan Stranski (1897–1979)Klaus Biemann (1926–2016)1970Inga Fischer-HjalmarsNomination archive – Inga Fischer-Hjalmars nobelprize.org16 January 1918 Stockholm, Sweden17 September 2008 Lidingö, SwedenGerhard Herzberg (1904–1999)1970
Physiology or Medicine For the physiology or medicine prize, the following individuals are entitled to nominate:Nomination and selection of medicine laureates nobelprize.org
Image Nominator Born Died Nominees Citation Year(s) Nominated Physiology or MedicineFlorence Rena Sabin9 November 1871 Central City, Colorado, United States3 October 1953 Denver, Colorado, United StatesJacques Loeb (1859–1924)"for the work Proteins and the theory of colloidal behavior.Nomination archive – Jacques Loeb nobelprize.org1924Oswald Avery (1877–1955)"for his chemo-immunological studies on conjugated carbohydrate proteins."Nomination archive – Oswald Theodore Avery nobelprize.org1932, 1939Michael Heidelberger (1888–1991)"for his work on the chemical nature and immunochemical significance of the polysaccharides in pneumococci."Nomination archive – Michael Heidelberger nobelprize.org1939Cécile Vogt-Mugnier27 March 1875 Annecy, France4 May 1962 Cambridge, United KingdomThomas Hunt Morgan (1866–1945)"for his work on genetics, gene mutations, phenotypical divergencies, the demonstration of three coupling groups in the genes of Drosophila."Nomination archive – Thomas Morgan and Hermann Muller nobelprize.org1932Hermann Joseph Muller (1890–1967)"for his work on genetics, "crossing over", lethal factors, the demonstration of a fourth coupling group in the genes of Drosophila, the effect of temperature changes and X-rays on the mutation rate."Ellen James PattersonUnited StatesUnited StatesChevalier Jackson (1865–1958)"for his work on bronchoscopy, laryngology, esophagoscopy and gastroscopy.Nomination archive – Chevalier Jackson nobelprize.org1935Anne BourquinUnited StatesUnited StatesHans Christian Hagedorn (1888–1971)"for his work on and discovery of protamine insulinate."Nomination archive – Hans Hagedorn nobelprize.org1937Gladys MarchantIndiaUnited KingdomWilliam Burridge (?)"for his work on natural stimulation and excitability."Nomination archive – William Burridge nobelprize.org1937Leslie WebsterUnited StatesUnited StatesJohn Howard Northrop (1891–1987)"for the purification, crystallization and method of action of pepsin and trypsin; purification of their pro-enzymes."Nomination archive – John Northrop and James Sumner nobelprize.org1939James Batcheller Sumner (1887–1955)"for the purification and crystallization of the enzyme urease and the study of its action."Esther Killick3 May 1902 Ilford, United Kingdom31 May 1960 London, United KingdomJohn Boyd Orr (1880–1971)"for his work on nutritional physiology, and the importance of the application of these findings to human health and nutrition."Nomination archive – Esther Killick nobelprize.org1947Meredith Fairfax Campbell1894 United States1968 United StatesHomer William Smith (1895–1962)"for the new concepts of kidney physiology: quantitative methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate and maximal tubular excretory and re-absorptive capacities."Nomination archive – Homer Smith nobelprize.org1948Gerty Theresa Radnitz-Cori15 August 1896 Prague, Czech Republic26 October 1957 Glendale, Missouri, United StatesHans Adolf Krebs (1900–1981)"for the discovery of the mechanism of urea formation in mammals, oxidative decomposition of d-amino acids and carbohydrates."Nomination archive – Hans Adolf Krebs nobelprize.org1949, 1952, 1953Chester Hamlin Werkman (1893–1962)"for the discovery of the fixation of carbon dioxide by cells which do not contain chlorophyll."Nomination archive – Chester Werkman and Harland Wood nobelprize.org1949Harland Goff Wood (1907–1991)Fritz Albert Lipmann (1899–1986)"for his discovery of the role of phosphate-linked energy in biological synthesis and the role of panthotenic acid as a coenzyme."Nomination archive – Hans Adolf Krebs and Fritz Albert Lipmann nobelprize.org1953Olga Bridgman30 March 1886 Jackson, Michigan, United States6 February 1974 San Mateo, California, United StatesKarl Friedrich Meyer (1884–1974)"for his work on brucellosis, coccidioidomycosis, encephalitis, and botulismus."Nomination archive – Karl Friedrich Meyer nobelprize.org1950Hanna Hirszfeldowa17 July 1884 Wrocław, Poland20 February 1964 Wrocław, PolandRobert Debré (1882–1978)Nomination archive – Robert Debré nobelprize.org1953
Literature The Nobel Committee of the Swedish Academy sends invitation letters to persons who are qualified to nominate for the Nobel Prize in Literature. The following individuals are eligible forwarding nominations:Nomination and selection of literature laureates nobelprize.org