Umm Muḥammad bint Ṣāliḥ () was an Abbasid princess, niece of third Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi and wife of caliph Harun al-Rashid.
Ancestry Her full name was Umm Muhammad bint Salih al-Miskin ibn Abdallah al-Mansur.
Her grandmother was the concubine Qali-al Farrashah. She was a Greek, and was the mother of Al-Mansur's son Salih al-Miskin. Her father, Salih al-Miskin, was one of the youngest sons of caliph Al-Mansur.
Biography Umm Muhammad was the wife of the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid. He was also her half-cousin. Umm Muhammad was the daughter of Salih al-Miskin and Umm Abdullah, the daughter of Isa ibn Ali. They married in November-December 803 in Al-Raqqah. She had formerly been married to Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi, who had repudiated her.
Her first husband Ibrahim was the half-brother of Harun al-Rashid. She married him in the early 780s; however, just a few years later Ibrahim separated from her. After her formal divorce from her first husband, Caliph Harun al-Rashid married her. Umm Muhammad became the second wife of Harun al-Rashid from the Abbasid house. His first wife Zubaidah bint Ja'far was also an Abbasid princess and granddaughter of al-Mansur. She spent most her life after marriage with Al-Rashid at the Caliphal palace along with al-Rashid's other wives. She died in 810s.
Family Umm Muhammad was related to Abbasid house both paternally and maternally. She was contemporary and related to several Abbasid caliphs, prince and princesses.
No.AbbasidsRelation1 Al-Mahdi Uncle and Father-in-law2 Musa al-Hadi Cousins and Brother-in-law3 Harun al-Rashid Husband4 Al-Amin Step-son5 Al-Ma'mun Step-son6 Al-Qasim ibn Harun al-Rashid Step-son7 Ali ibn Harun al-Rashid Step-son8 Sukaynah bint Harun al-Rashid Step-daughter9 Hamdunah bint Harun al-Rashid Step-daughter10 Fatimah bint Harun al-Rashid Step-daughter11 Isa ibn al-Mahdi Cousin and Brother-in-law
References
Sources Al-Tabari; Hugh Kennedy (1990). The History of al-Tabari Vol. 29: Al-Mansur and al-Mahdi A.D. 763-786/A.H. 146-169