This is a list of conflicts in Africa arranged by country, both on the continent and associated islands, including wars between African nations, civil wars, and wars involving non-African nations that took place within Africa. It encompasses pre-colonial wars, colonial wars, wars of independence, secessionist and separatist conflicts, major episodes of national violence (riots, massacres, etc.), and global conflicts in which Africa was a theatre of war.
North Africa
Algeria
264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars 112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War 49 BC – 45 BC Caesar's civil war 533 – 534 Vandalic War 533 – 548 Byzantine–Moorish wars 622 – 750 Early Muslim conquests 629 – 1050s Arab–Byzantine wars 647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb 1299 – 1307 Siege of Tlemcen (1299–1307) 1335 – 1337 Siege of Tlemcen (1335–1337) 1492 – 1792 Spanish–Ottoman wars 1519 Algiers expedition (1519) 1526 – 1791 Ottoman–Habsburg wars 1537 – 1540 Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540) 1541 Algiers expedition (1541) 1543 Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1543) 1543 Expedition to Mostaganem (1543) 1555 Capture of Béjaïa (1555) 1556 Siege of Oran (1556) 1526 – 1791 Ottoman–Habsburg wars 1563 Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir 1535 Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1535) 1550 – 1795 Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco late 16th century Revolt of Sidi Yahia 1609 – 1628 Franco-Algerian war (1609–1628) 1628 Tunisian–Algerian War (1628) 1664 Djidjelli expedition 1681 – 1688 Franco–Algerian war (1681–1688) 1694 Tunisian–Algerian War (1694) 1707 – 1708 Siege of Oran (1707–1708) 1732 Spanish conquest of Oran (1732) 1769 – 1772 Danish–Algerian War 1775 – 1785 Spanish–Algerian War (1775–1785) 1775 Invasion of Algiers (1775) 1783 Bombardment of Algiers (1783) 1784 Bombardment of Algiers (1784) 1785 – 1795 American–Algerian War (1785–1795) 1790 – 1792 Siege of Oran (1790–1792) 1801 – 1815 Barbary Wars 1815 Second Barbary War 1807 Tunisian–Algerian War (1807) 1811 Action of 22 May 1811 1813 Tunisian–Algerian War (1813) 1816 Bombardment of Algiers (1816) 1830 – 1903 French conquest of Algeria 1830 – 1875 Pacification of Algeria 1871 – 1872 Mokrani Revolt 1898 1898 Algerian riots 1939 – 1945 World War II 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II 1940 – 1943 North African Campaign 1942 Operation Torch 1940 – 1945 Battle of the Mediterranean 1954 – 1962 Algerian War 1958 May 1958 crisis 1961 Algiers putsch of 1961 1963 – 1964 Sand War 1963 – 1964 Socialist Forces Front rebellion in Algeria 1965 1965 Algerian coup d'état 1967 1967 Algerian coup attempt 1970 – present Western Sahara conflict 1991 – 2002 Algerian Civil War 1992 1992 Algerian coup d'état 2002 – ongoing Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present) 2007 – ongoing Operation Juniper Shield
Egypt
Prehistoric Egypt c. 12th millennium BC War at Jebel Sahaba c. 3270 BC Siege of Naqada
Ancient Egypt c. 1206 – 1150 BC Late Bronze Age collapse c. 1178 BC – 1175 BC Battle of the Nile Delta 525 BC First Achaemenid conquest of Egypt 499 BC – 449 BC Greco-Persian Wars 477 BC – 449 BC Wars of the Delian League 340 BC – 339 BC Second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt 336 BC – 323 BC Wars of Alexander the Great 133 BC – 44 BC Crisis of the Roman Republic 49 BC – 45 BC Caesar's civil war 32 BC – 30 BC War of Actium
Roman Egypt 49 BC – 45 BC Caesar's civil war 115 – 117 Diaspora Revolt 235 – 284 Crisis of the Third Century 270 Palmyrene invasion of Egypt 602 – 628 Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 618 – 621 Sasanian conquest of Egypt
Rashidun Caliphate 629 – 1050s Arab–Byzantine wars 639 – 642 Arab conquest of Egypt 656 – 661 First Fitna 658 Umayyad invasions of Egypt
Umayyad Caliphate 720 – 832 Bashmurian revolts
Abbasid Caliphate 629 – 1050s Arab–Byzantine wars 639 – 642 Arab conquest of Egypt 914 – 915 Fatimid invasion of Egypt (914–915) 919 – 921 Fatimid invasion of Egypt (919–921) 969 Fatimid conquest of Egypt
Fatimid Caliphate 971 First Qarmatian invasion of Egypt 973 – 974 Second Qarmatian invasion of Egypt 1095 – 1303 Crusades 1163 – 1169 Crusader invasions of Egypt 1169 Battle of the Blacks
Ayyubid Sultanate 1095 – 1303 Crusades 1217 – 1221 Fifth Crusade 1248 – 1254 Seventh Crusade 1173 Turan-Shah's Nubian campaign
Mamluk Sultanate 1251 Battle of al-Kura 1365 Alexandrian Crusade 1367 Battle of Cairo (1367) 1516 – 1517 Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–1517)
Ottoman Egypt 1492 – 1792 Spanish–Ottoman wars 1768 – 1774 Russo-Turkish war (1768–1774) 1792 – 1802 French Revolutionary Wars 1798 – 1802 War of the Second Coalition 1798 – 1801 French invasion of Egypt and Syria 1803 – 1807 Muhammad Ali's seizure of power 1807 – 1809 Anglo-Turkish War (1807–1809) 1821 – 1829 Greek War of Independence
Khedivate of Egypt 1879 – 1882 Urabi revolt 1881 – 1899 Mahdist War 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War
Sultanate of Egypt 1914 – 1918 World War I 1914 – 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I 1915 – 1918 Sinai and Palestine campaign 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I 1915 – 1916 North African theatre of World War I 1915 – 1917 Senussi campaign 1918 – 1919 1919 Egyptian revolution
Kingdom of Egypt 1939 – 1945 World War II 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II 1940 – 1943 North African Campaign 1940 – 1943 Western Desert campaign 1940 – 1945 Battle of the Mediterranean 1942 1942 Abdeen Palace incident 1948 – 1949 1948 Arab–Israeli War 1952 Battle of Ismailia (1952) 1952 1952 Egyptian revolution
Arab Republic of Egypt 1956 Suez Crisis 1967 Six-Day War 1973 Yom Kippur War 1977 Libyan–Egyptian War 1981 – present Terrorism in Egypt 2011 – 2023 Sinai insurgency 2013 – present Terrorism in Egypt (2013–present) 1986 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot 2014 2014 Aswan tribal clashes
Libya
264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars 112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War 429 – 442 Vandal conquest of Roman Africa 461 – 468 Vandal War (461–468) 533 – 534 Vandalic War 647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb 761 Abbasid conquest of Ifriqiya 1510 Spanish conquest of Tripoli 1526 – 1791 Ottoman–Habsburg wars 1551 – 1559 Italian War of 1551–1559 1681 – 1685 French–Tripolitania War 1699 – 1702 Maghrebi war (1699–1702) 1705 Siege of Tripoli (1705) 1711 1711 Karamanli coup 1728 Bombardment of Tripoli (1728) 1790 – 1795 Tripolitanian civil war 1797 Action of 16 May 1797 1801 – 1805 First Barbary War 1825 Battle of Tripoli (1825) 1828 Bombardment of Tripoli (1828) 1835 – 1858 1835-1858 revolt in Ottoman Tripolitania 1860 – 1890 Barasa–Ubaidat War 1911 – 1932 Libyan resistance movement 1911 – 1912 Italo-Turkish War 1911 Italian invasion of Libya 1923 – 1932 Second Italo-Senussi War 1914 – 1918 World War I 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I 1915 – 1916 Military operations in North Africa during World War I 1915 – 1917 Senussi campaign 1920 – 1922 1920–1922 Jabal al-Gharbi civil war 1939 – 1945 World War II 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II 1940 – 1943 North African campaign 1940 – 1943 Western Desert Campaign 1940 – 1945 Battle of the Mediterranean 1957 Battle of Essien (1957) 1969 1969 Libyan revolution 1969 1969 Libyan coup attempt 1970 Black Prince conspiracy 1977 Egyptian-Libyan War 1981 Gulf of Sidra incident (1981) 1984 Bab al-Azizia siege 1986 Action in the Gulf of Sidra (1986) 1986 1986 United States bombing of Libya 1989 1989 air battle near Tobruk 1993 1993 Libyan coup attempt 2002 – present Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present) 2008 2008 Kufra conflict 2011 – present Libyan crisis 2011 Libyan civil war (2011) 2011 – 2014 Factional violence in Libya (2011–2014) 2014 – 2020 Libyan civil war (2014–present) 2022 2022 Tripoli clashes 2023 2023 Tripoli clashes 2025 2025 Tripoli clashes
Morocco
264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars 112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War 429 – 442 Vandal conquest of Roman Africa 533 – 534 Vandalic War 647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb 718 – 1492 Reconquista 739 – 743 Berber Revolt 1033 1033 Fez massacre 1260 Battle of Salé 1415 – 1769 Moroccan-Portuguese conflicts 1437 Battle of Tangier (1437) 1458 Portuguese conquest of Ksar es-Seghir 1463 – 1464 Siege of Tangier (1463–1464) 1468 Anfa expedition (1468) 1471 Conquest of Asilah 1471 Portuguese conquest of Tangier 1487 Chaouia expedition 1490 Targa expedition (1490) 1513 Battle of Azemmour 1514 Battle of Tednest 1514 Battle of the Alcaides 1515 Raid of Marrakesh (1515) 1515 Battle of Mamora (1515) 1516 Portuguese expedition to Doukkala (1516) 1533 Siege of Agadir (1533) 1541 Fall of Agadir 1562 Siege of Mazagan (1562) 1578 Battle of Alcácer Quibir 1640 Mazagan Ambush 1696 Battle of Mamora (1696) 1769 Siege of Mazagan (1769) 1465 1465 Moroccan revolt 16th century – 19th century Barbary–Portuguese conflicts 1550 – 1795 Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco 1565 Blockade of the Tetuan River 1614 Capture of La Mámora 1680 Great Siege of Tangier 1681 Siege of Mamora (1681) 1689 Siege of Larache (1689) 1690 – 1691 Siege of Asilah (1690–1691) 1765 Larache expedition 1775 – 1777 Dutch–Moroccan War (1775–1777) 1784 Moroccan seizure of the Betsey 1844 First Franco-Moroccan War 1851 Bombardment of Salé (1851) 1856 Battle of Tres Forcas 1859 – 1860 Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–60) 1893 Tafilalt expedition 1893 – 1894 First Melillan campaign 1905 – 1906 Tangier Crisis 1907 – 1934 French conquest of Morocco 1907 – 1908 Hafidiya 1908 Battle of Marrakesh 1909 Second Melillan campaign 1911 Agadir Crisis 1911 – 1912 Kert campaign 1914 – 1918 World War I 1914 – 1921 Zaian War 1920 – 1926 Rif War 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II 1940 – 1943 North African Campaign 1957 – 1958 Ifni War 1958 – 1959 Rif Revolt 1963 – 1964 Sand War 1970 – present Western Sahara conflict 1975 – 1991 Western Sahara War 1971 1971 Moroccan coup attempt 1972 1972 Moroccan coup attempt 2002 – present Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present) 2007 – present Operation Juniper Shield
Sudan c. 1506 BC Egyptian Invasion of Kerma 622 – 750 Early Muslim conquests 642 First battle of Dongola 652 Second battle of Dongola 1820 – 1824 Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (1820–1824) 1873 – 1874 Conquest of Darfur (1873–1874) 1881 – 1899 Mahdist War 1908 Wad Habuba Revolt 1914 – 1918 World War I 1915 – 1916 Military operations in North Africa during World War I 1916 Invasion of Darfur (1916) 1939 – 1945 World War II 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II 1940 – 1941 East African campaign (World War II) 1955 – 1972 First Sudanese Civil War 1958 1958 Sudanese coup d'état 1969 1969 Sudanese coup d'état 1983 – 2005 Second Sudanese Civil War 1985 1985 Sudanese coup d'état 1987 – 1989 War of the Tribes 1989 1989 Sudanese coup d'état 1998 Operation Infinite Reach 2003 – 2020 War in Darfur 2008 2008 Omdurman attack 2006 Battle of Malakal 2008 – present Sudanese nomadic conflicts 2009 2009 Sobat River ambush 2010 2010 South Darfur clash 2009 2009 Sudan airstrikes 2011 – 2020 Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile 2012 Heglig Crisis 2018 – 2019 Sudanese Revolution 2019 2019 Sudanese coup d'état 2021 September 2021 Sudanese coup attempt 2021 2021 Sudanese coup d'état 2022 – 2023 Blue Nile clashes (2022–2023) 2023 2023 Kosti clashes 2023 2023 Foro Baranga clashes 2023 – present Sudanese civil war (2023–present)
Tunisia
Carthaginian Empire 264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars 264 BC – 241 BC First Punic War 240 BC – 238 BC Mercenary War 218 BC – 201 BC Second Punic War 149 BC – 146 BC Third Punic War
Kingdom of Numidia 112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War
Roman Province of Africa 83 BC – 82 BC Sulla's civil war 49 BC – 45 BC Caesar's civil war 235 – 284 Crisis of the Third Century 429 – 432 Vandal conquest of Roman Africa 439 Vandal War (439-442)