Eskilsson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bengta Eskilsson (1836–1923), pioneering Swedish textile artist Christofer Eskilsson (born 1989), Swedish diver Erik Eskilsson, Sami man accused in the Arjeplog blasphemy trial of 1687 Gustav Eskilsson (born 1992), Swedish curler Hans Eskilsson (born 1966), Swedish former professional footballer Peter Eskilsson (1820–1872), Swedish genre painter Sture Eskilsson (1930–2016), Swedish economist