Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1901.

Events British School at Rome established.

Excavations KV44 at the Valley of the Kings, Egypt by Howard Carter and Donald P. Ryan. Excavations and renovations at Mitla conducted by Leopoldo Batres. Excavation of the Minoan town at Gournia by Harriet Boyd-Hawes and Blanche Wheeler Williams begins (continues to 1904).

Finds December: Code of Hammurabi at Susa. Ivory Bangle Lady in York, England, the skeleton and grave goods of a later fourth century high-status, possibly Christian, inhabitant of Eboracum, much later identified as of mixed race. Heracles of Antikythera in the Antikythera wreck, Greece. Miscellaneous Edward Herbert Thompson buys the ruins of Chichen Itza for 75 United States dollars General Land Office special agent S. J. Holsinger recommends creating a national park to preserve archaeological sites in Chaco Canyon

Births February 15 – André Parrot, French archaeologist of the Near East (d. 1980) July 17 – Theresa Goell, American archaeologist of the Near East (d. 1985) October 18 – A. Ledyard Smith, American archaeologist of the Americas (d. 1985) October 27 – Aage Roussell, Danish archaeologist of Greenland (d. 1972) November 17 (O.S. November 4) – Spyridon Marinatos, Greek archaeologist of the Aegean Bronze Age (d. 1974) Charles Green, English archaeologist (d. 1972)

Deaths May 10 – Christian Maclagan, Scottish antiquary (b. 1811)

References