The demographic features of the population of Georgia include population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.Nana Bolashvili, Andreas Dittmann, Lorenz King, Vazha Neidze (eds.): National Atlas of Georgia, 138 pages, Steiner Verlag, 2018,
Population size and structure
The demographic situation in Georgia, like that of some other former Soviet republics (especially Estonia and Latvia), has been characterized by two prominent features since independence: decline in total population and significant "Georgianization" of the ethnic composition. The proportion of ethnic Georgians increased by full 10 percentage points between 1989 and 2002, rising from 73.7% to 83.7% of the population.Richard H. Rowland, "National and regional population trends in Georgia, 1989–2002: Results from the 2002 census," Eurasian Geography and Economics, 47(2): 221–242, 2006 (excluding Abkhazia and Tskhinvali Region). This occurred due to two migratory movements: Georgians living and working in other Soviet republics returned to their homeland, while other nationalities left Georgia.
While Georgia was part of the Soviet Union the population grew steadily, rising from less than 4 million in the 1950s to a peak of 5.5 million in 1992 (including Abkhazia and Tskhinvali Region).Statistical yearbooks of Georgian SSR, State Committee of Statistics, Tbilisi, various years . From 1992 the population began to decline sharply due to civil war and economic crisis driven mass migration throughout the 1990s and into the early 2000s. By 2013, the population has stabilized around 3.7 million (excluding Abkhazia and Tskhinvali Region). The 2002 population census in Georgia revealed a net migration loss of more than one million persons, or 20% of the population, since the early 1990s, confirmed by other studies.Ethnic minorities in Georgia . Federation Internationale des Ligues des Droits de l'Homme. Other factors of the population decline include net birth-death deficits in the period 1995–2010 and the exclusion of Abkhazia and Tskhinvali Region from the statistics since 1994, which population was estimated in 2005 at 178,000 and 49,200, respectively.
Georgia was named among the highest-emigration countries in the world (relative to its population size) in a 2007 World Bank report. Russia received by far most migrants from Georgia. According to United Nations data this totalled to 625 thousand by 2000, which has declined to 450 thousand by 2019. Initially the out-migration was driven by non-Georgian ethnicities, but due to the war and crisis ridden 1990s, and the subsequent bad economic outlook, increasing numbers of Georgians emigrated as well. The 1989 census recorded 341,000 ethnic Russians, or 6.3 per cent of the population,Georgia: Ethnic Russians Say, "There's No Place Like Home" . EurasiaNet.org. 30 April 2009. which declined to 26,453 (0.7%) by 2014. The 2010 Russian census recorded about 158,000 ethnic Georgians living in Russia,
Data correction The 2014 census, executed in collaboration with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), found a population gap of approximately 700,000 compared to the 2014 data from the National Statistical Office of Georgia, Geostat, which was cumulatively built on the 2002 census. Consecutive research estimated the 2002 census to be inflated by 8 to 9 percent, which affected the annually updated population estimates in subsequent years. One explanation put forward by UNFPA is that families of emigrants continued to list them in 2002 as residents for fear of losing certain rights or benefits. Other factors that distorted the demographic data included a lack of quality in the registration system of migration, births, deaths and marriages. It was not until around 2010 that parts of the system became reliable again. With the support of the UNFPA, the demographic data of the period 1994–2014 has been retro-projected. The results of the project were presented and published in 2018. Based on this back-projection Geostat has corrected its data for these years, both in its annual publications starting from 2018, and its public access database.
Structure of the population
Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal% Total 1 790 600 1 929 600 3 720 200 0–4 141 300 131 900 273 200 5–9 134 600 124 300 258 900 10–14 118 500 106 200 224 700 15–19 109 100 96 500 205 600 20–24 115 400 104 000 219 400 25–29 129 700 126 100 255 800 30–34 136 000 135 100 271 100 35–39 126 500 127 600 254 100 40–44 119 100 121 400 240 500 45–49 115 100 119 100 234 200 50–54 111 800 121 300 233 100 55–59 120 800 139 800 260 600 60–64 102 500 129 300 231 800 65–69 80 800 112 800 193 600 70–74 51 300 80 200 131 500 75–79 36 100 64 800 100 900 80–84 28 900 58 700 87 600 85+ 13 000 30 600 43 600 Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent 0–14 394 400 362 400 756 800 15–64 1 186 000 1 220 200 2 406 200 65+ 210 100 347 100 557 200
Note: 1993–1994 drop is exclusion of Abkhazia and Tskhinvali Region from population statistics.
Vital statistics
Notable events in Georgian demographics: 1991-1993 Georgian Civil War
Sources: United Nations, Demoscope, GeoStat
Births and deaths Total area
Population per 1 Jan.Live births1Deaths1Natural change1Crude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Crude migration change (per 1000)Fertility rates 1950 3,528,000 82,900 27,000 55,900 23.5 7.7 15.9 1951 3,585,000 86,800 26,900 59,900 24.2 7.5 16.7 −0.5 1952 3,646,000 85,700 26,600 59,100 23.5 7.3 16.2 0.8 1953 3,710,000 87,200 26,300 60,900 23.5 7.1 16.4 1.2 1954 3,775,000 91,400 26,000 65,400 24.2 6.9 17.3 0.2 1955 3,839,000 92,500 25,700 66,800 24.1 6.7 17.4 −0.4 1956 3,904,000 89,800 26,500 63,300 23.0 6.8 16.2 0.7 1957 3,967,000 89,700 27,000 62,700 22.6 6.8 15.8 0.3 1958 4,031,000 93,100 27,400 65,700 23.1 6.8 16.3 −0.2 1959 4,044,000 98,300 27,400 70,900 24.0 6.7 17.3 −14.3 1960 4,129,000 102,866 27,015 51,866 24.7 6.5 18.2 2.8 2.65 1961 4,190,000 104,429 27,621 53,429 24.7 6.5 18.2 −3.4 2.65 1962 4,258,000 101,717 30,394 51,717 23.7 7.1 16.6 −0.4 2.63 1963 4,325,000 100,326 29,620 51,326 23.0 6.8 16.2 −0.5 2.62 1964 4,389,000 97,433 29,708 48,433 22.0 6.7 15.3 −0.5 2.62 1965 4,450,000 94,987 31,291 46,987 21.2 7.0 14.2 −0.3 2.60 1966 4,505,000 92,026 30,389 44,026 20.3 6.7 13.6 −1.2 2.57 1967 4,556,000 89,302 32,904 42,302 19.5 7.2 12.3 −1.0 2.53 1968 4,598,000 89,660 32,416 43,660 19.4 7.0 12.4 −3.2 2.52 1969 4,640,000 87,069 35,169 41,069 18.7 7.5 11.2 −2.1 2.45 1970 4,674,000 90,207 34,283 45,207 19.2 7.3 11.9 −4.6 2.62 1971 4,729,000 90,396 35,325 45,396 19.0 7.4 11.6 0.2 2.61 1972 4,778,000 86,402 36,409 41,402 18.0 7.6 10.4 0 2.53 1973 4,818,000 88,577 35,911 44,577 18.3 7.4 10.9 −2.5 2.58 1974 4,856,000 89,761 37,145 45,761 18.4 7.6 10.8 −2.9 2.59 1975 4,895,000 89,712 39,292 45,712 18.3 8.0 10.3 −2.3 2.52 1976 4,920,000 90,605 38,875 46,605 18.3 7.9 10.4 −5.3 2.52 1977 4,960,000 89,028 40,139 45,028 17.9 8.1 9.8 −1.7 2.33 1978 4,986,000 88,766 40,239 45,766 17.8 8.1 9.8 −4.6 2.31 1979 4,993,000 89,803 41,907 47,896 17.8 8.4 9.5 −8.1 2.34 1980 5,029,000 89,458 43,346 46,112 17.6 8.6 9.1 −1.9 2.26 1981 5,071,000 92,501 43,961 48,540 18.1 8.6 9.5 −1.1 2.29 1982 5,100,000 91,784 42,734 49,050 17.9 8.4 9.6 −3.9 2.25 1983 5,134,000 92,660 43,301 49,359 18.0 8.4 9.6 −2.9 2.20 1984 5,167,000 95,841 45,787 50,054 18.5 8.8 9.7 −3.3 2.24 1985 5,230,000 97,739 46,153 51,586 18.7 8.8 9.9 2.3 2.27 1986 5,234,000 98,155 46,354 51,801 18.7 8.8 9.9 −9.1 2.26 1987 5,266,000 94,595 46,332 48,263 17.8 8.7 9.1 −3.0 2.19 1988 5,397,000 91,905 47,544 44,361 17.1 8.9 8.3 16.6 2.13 1989 5,401,000 91,138 47,077 44,061 16.8 8.7 8.1 −7.4 2.15 1990 5,424,000 92,815 50,721 43,895 17.1 9.3 8.1 −3.8 2.29 1991 5,453,000 89,091 52,416 36,675 16.3 9.6 6.7 −1.4 2.07 1992 5,467,000 72,631 55,076 17,555 13.4 10.2 3.2 −0.6 1.72 1993 5,346,000 55,594 56,270 −676 11.5 11.6 −0.1 −22.0 1Births and deaths until 1959 are estimates.
Excluding Abkhazia and South Ossetia Total population from 1994: excluding Abkhazia and Tskhinvali Region. Corrected as per retro-projection and as published in public access database.
Population per 1 Jan.Live birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Crude migration rate (per 1000)Fertility rates 1994 4,922,900 57,311 50,326 6,985 11.8 10.4 1.4 −80.5 1.53 1995 4,742,300 56,486 49,219 7,267 11.9 10.1 1.8 −38.5 1.57 1996 4,573,200 55,153 48,251 6,902 11.6 10.2 1.4 −37.1 1.60 1997 4,410,200 54,136 48,026 6,110 11.4 10.5 1.1 −36.7 1.63 1998 4,289,600 51,491 47,907 3,584 11.0 10.5 0.5 −27.8 1.60 1999 4,197,600 48,408 47,909 499 10.7 10.6 0.1 −21.5 1.55 2000 4,116,800 48,167 48,250 −83 10.7 10.7 −0.0 −19.2 1.59 2001 4,037,500 46,620 47,133 −513 10.5 10.6 −0.1 −19.2 1.57 2002 3,991,300 45,127 47,514 −2,387 10.2 10.8 −0.6 −10.8 1.53 2003 3,965,800 45,450 47,114 −1,664 10.3 10.7 −0.4 −6.0 1.56 2004 3,937,700 45,751 49,746 −3,995 10.3 11.2 −0.9 −6.2 1.58 2005 3,917,000 46,063 49,534 −3,471 10.4 11.1 −0.7 −4.6 1.59 2006 3,888,000 46,845 50,014 −3,169 10.6 11.2 −0.6 −6.8 1.62 2007 3,872,700 48,499 50,204 −1,705 11.1 11.4 −0.3 −3.6 1.69 2008 3,847,600 52,442 50,490 1,952 13.6 13.1 0.5 −7.0 1.84 2009 3,829,000 56,568 50,794 5,774 14.8 13.3 1.5 −6.3 2.01 2010 3,799,800 55,230 51,066 4,164 14.6 13.5 1.1 −8.7 2.00 2011 3,773,600 51,565 49,818 1,747 13.7 13.3 0.4 −7.3 1.89 2012 3,739,300 49,969 49,347 622 13.4 13.2 0.2 −9.3 1.85 2013 3,718,400 49,657 48,564 1,093 13.4 13.1 0.3 −5.9 1.86 2014 3,716,900 60,635 49,087 11,548 16.3 13.2 3.1 −3.5 2.31 2015 3,721,900 59,249 49,121 10,128 15.9 13.2 2.7 −1.4 2.31 2016 3,728,600 56,569 50,771 5,798 15.2 13.7 1.5 0.3 2.24 2017 3,721,900 53,293 47,822 5,471 14.3 12.9 1.4 −3.2 2.14 2018 3,729,600 51,138 46,524 4,614 13.7 12.5 1.2 0.9 2.12 2019 3,723,500 48,296 46,659 1,637 13.0 12.5 0.4 −2.0 2.01 2020 3,716,900 46,520 50,537 −4,017 12.5 13.6 −1.1 −0.7 1.97 2021 3,728,600 45,946 59,906 −13,960 12.3 16.1 −3.8 6.9 1.98 2022 3,688,647 42,319 49,118 −6,799 11.5 13.3 −1.8 −8.9 1.82 2023 3,736,400 40,214 42,756 −2,542 10.8 11.4 −0.6 13.5 1.70 2024 3,914,000 39,483 43,971 −4,488 10.1 11.2 −1.1 –10.0 1.67 2025 3,930,400 37,867 44,319 −6,452 9.6 11.3 –1.7 4.4 1.57 2026 3,941,100 Source: Geostat public database, Geostat website, section Population and Demography.Summary of Vital Statistics in Georgia 2022 The 2024 Population Census results counted almost 200,000 more inhabitants than expected, thus the population figures for 2025 and 2026 were revised up.
Current vital statistics + Period Live births Deaths Natural increase January–June 2025 17,719 22,718 –4,999 January–June 2026 17,509 22,224 –4,715 Difference −210 (-1.18%) –494 (-2.17%) –284 Source:
Vital statistics by regions of Georgia in 2025 Region Births Deaths CBR CDR Georgia 37,867 44,319 9.6 11.3 Tbilisi 14,334 12,743 10.6 9.4 Abkhazia – – – – Adjara 4,551 3,543 11.1 8.7 Guria 807 1,567 7.9 15.4 Imereti 4,275 7,197 8.5 14.4 Kakheti 2,610 4,014 8.7 13.3 Mtskheta-Mtianeti 743 1,227 7.9 13.1 Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti 191 585 6.4 19.7 Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti 2,178 4,378 7.2 14.5 Samtskhe-Javakheti 1,509 1,667 9.7 10.7 Kvemo Kartli 4,431 4,375 10.1 9.9 Shida Kartli 2,238 3,023 9.0 12.1
Fertility rate Years 1900190119021903190419051906190719081909Total Fertility Rate7.87.727.657.577.497.427.347.267.197.11 Years 1910191119121913191419151916191719181919Total Fertility Rate7.036.966.886.86.736.656.576.56.426.34 Years 1920192119221923192419251926192719281929Total Fertility Rate in Georgia6.276.196.116.045.965.885.815.735.655.58 Years 1930193119321933193419351936193719381939Total Fertility Rate in Georgia5.55.325.134.954.774.594.44.224.043.85 Years 1940194119421943194419451946194719481949Total Fertility Rate in Georgia3.673.613.563.53.443.393.333.273.213.16
Life expectancy
PeriodLife expectancy in