The trunk roads in Georgia are a network of internationally oriented highways, which connect the Georgian capital of Tbilisi, home to roughly a third of the national population, with neighbouring countries and the domestic regions. This is the backbone for a network of domestic trunk roads connecting vital regions with each other and the capital. The total length of the road network in Georgia is in 2021. The roads of so-called "international importance" and "national importance" are managed by the Roads Department (Georoad) of the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia.
Roads of international importance
The "roads of international importance" are the highest category of roads in Georgia. They are denoted by the prefix ს (Georgian for S), which stands for "საერთაშორისო მნიშვნელობის გზა" (Saertashoriso mnishvnelobis gza, road of international importance). Direction and destination signs in Georgia are in both Georgian and Latin scripts, but the prefix is only displayed in Georgian. Article 3.3 of the law on motor roads defines that: roads of international importance include roads connecting the administrative, important industrial and cultural centers of Georgia and other countries.
The network of S trunk roads has a total length of approximately which is mostly built as two-lane highway. About kilometers of the central east-west S1 and a limited section of the S12 has been upgraded to expressway or motorway with two lanes in each direction. The S4 and S5 trunk routes also have multiple lanes over a limited length.
The S1 and S10 are partially located in South Ossetia and Abkhazia regions, over which the Georgian government exercises no authority. At the de facto boundary lines the roads are closed in both directions. + Number E Route AH Route Name Length (km) Notes Tbilisi - Senaki - Leselidze 542.7 Tbilisi - Surami and Argveta - Samtredia have been (re)built as motorway (170 km). Surami - Argveta via Rikoti Pass is under construction as motorway (58 km). Senaki - Poti - Sarpi 119.5 S2 upgrade is ongoing: the 32 km Kobuleti Bypass has been rebuilt as super-two with 90 km/h speed limit, as will be the 14 km Batumi Bypass. Kobuleti to Grigoleti (S12) is under construction as motorway (14 km). Mtskheta - Stepantsminda - Larsi 139.0 Also called Georgian Military Road. In 2021 construction started of the 23 km Khveseti - Kobi section to bypass Gudauri and the Jvari Pass with a 2+1 road and a 9 km two-lane tunnel, the longest in the Caucasus. Tbilisi - Red Bridge 57.0 Rustavi - Red Bridge will be rerouted as 32 km motorway, including a new motorway section linking the S4 with the S7 to Armenia. The EU will provide financial support. Tbilisi – Bakurtsikhe – Lagodekhi 160.0 Tbilisi (S9) - Sagarejo (35 km) will be constructed as motorway. Ponichala – Marneuli – Guguti 98.0 Marneuli – Sadakhlo 34.0 Rebuilding 16 km of the S7 to motorway plus 14 km new motorway to connect with S4 to Rustavi is in preparation. Khashuri – Akhaltsikhe – Vale 97.0 Tbilisi Bypass 49.0 Gori – Tskhinvali – Gupta – Java – Roki 92.5 Akhaltsikhe – Ninotsminda 112.0 Samtredia - Lanchkhuti - Grigoleti 56.2 The entire S12 is under construction as new motorway. In July 2020 Japana-Lanchkhuti (14 km) opened. Three other sections experience delays (see S12 page). Akhalkalaki - Kartsakhi 36.5 Total: 1593.4 Based on the 2022 published list of roads by the Government of Georgia.
Roads of domestic importance
The "roads of domestic importance" are the second category of main roads in Georgia with a total length of and connect vital economic, administrative and cultural centers. They are denoted by the prefix შ (Georgian for Sh), which stands for "შიდასახელმწიფოებრივი მნიშვნელობის გზა" (Shidasakhelmts’ipoebrivi mnishvnelobis gza, "road of domestic importance"). The use of the road numbers on direction signs is inconsistent and varies widely, including on trunk Sh roads. The vast majority of routes is relatively short, but some are up to nearly long with an interregional function. Article 3.4 of the law on motor roads defines roads of domestic importance as: roads connecting with important industrial and cultural centers of the capital of Georgia, administrative centers of the Autonomous Republics and administrative centers of the municipality, as well as their bypasses and access to them from highways of international and domestic importance; roads connecting the administrative centers of the Autonomous Republics, the administrative centers of the municipalities, the important industrial and cultural centers of Georgia; roads connecting airports and ports with the capital of Georgia, administrative centers of autonomous republics and municipalities.
The quality of Sh-roads varies from excellent to very poor. Since 2006 however, priority has been given to improve regional connections, which has accelerated from 2014 onwards. The quality of the regional road network improves over the years, but large parts remain in mediocre, poor and/or unpaved condition and suffer from harsh climatic conditions, especially in the mountainous areas. The infamous "road to Omalo" (Sh44) to Tusheti National Park is the most extreme example of that.
1-50
Number Name (route) Length Batumi (Angisa) - Akhaltsikhe 159 km Sajavakho - Chokhatauri - Ozurgeti - Kobuleti 73.4 km Abasha - - - Japana 33 km Abasha – Martvili 34.5 km Senaki – Nokalakevi – Bandza – Khoni 36.9 km Zugdidi – Tsalenjikha – Chkhorotsqu – Senaki 86 km Zugdidi – Jvari – Mestia – Lasdili 193 km Zugdidi – Anaklia 34 km Ochamchire – Tkvarcheli 27.2 km Machara – Samkhret Tavshesapari 101 km Bzipi – Lake Ritsa – Avadhara 60 km Kutaisi (Autofactory) – Khoni – Samtredia 40 km Baghdati – Vani – Dapnari 47.8 km Kutaisi (Saghoria) – Baghdati – Abastumani - Benara 102.2 km Kutaisi (Tsqaltubo turn) – Tsqaltubo - Tsageri - Lentekhi - Lasdili 151 km Kutaisi (Choma) – Alpana - Mamison Pass (Russian Border) 161 km Kutaisi (Motsameta) – Tkibuli - Ambrolauri 73.5 km Alpana – Tsageri 22.8 km Cholaburi Bridge – Terjola - Tkibuli 29 km Borjomi - Bakuriani - Akhalkalaki 82 km Akhalkalaki Bypass road 2.4 km Gomi – Sachkhere - Chiatura - Zestaponi 106 km Agara – Kornisi - Tskhinvali 49.6 km Gori – Variani - Tskhinvali 25.7 km Gupta – Oni 64.2 km Number Name (route) Length (km) Zhinvali - Barisakho - Shatili 106 km Tianeti - Zaridzeebi - Zhinvali 21.5 km Tsikhisdsiri - Akhalgori - Largvisi 45 km Zahesi - Mtskheta - Kavtiskhevi - Gori - Skra - Kareli - Osiauri 109.5 km Tbilisi (Gldani) – Tianeti 60 km Koda - Partskhisi - Manglisi - Tsalka - Ninotsminda 147 km Tbilisi (Veli) - Gachiani - Rustavi 11 km Marneuli - Tetritskaro - Tsalka 88.7 km Partskhisi - Tetritskaro 6.5 km Tetritskaro - Dagheti - Topani - Bolnisi 19 km Tbilisi (Pantiani) – Manglisi 32 km Sadakhlo - Tsopi - Akhkerpi (Armenian Border, Highway H34) 26.2 km Vaziani - Gombori - Telavi 65 km Tsnori - Dedoplistsqaro – Kvemo Kedi 73 km Chalaubani – Sighnaghi - Anaga 21.8 km Iliatsminda - Bodbe - Gamarjveba 21.4 km Akhmeta – Telavi - Bakurtsikhe 73 km Tianeti – Akhmeta - Kvareli - Ninigori 129.4 km Pshaveli - Abano - Omalo 72 km Ozurgeti - Shemokmedi - Bzhuzhhesi - Gomismta 32.6 km Ozurgeti - Natanebi - Ureki 22 km Shukhuti - Atsana - Mamati - Dzimiti 17.5 km Chaladidi - Khorga - Khobi 15.4 km Bzipi – Pitsunda 12.4 km Miusera road 13.5 km
51-100
Number Name (route) Length (km) Vartsikhe - Rokhi 7.2 km Tsqaltubo - Khoni 15 km Khoni - Matkhoji - Martvili 15 km Zestaponi - Baghdati 18.5 km Dzirula - Kharagauli - Moliti - Phona - Chumateleti 51 km Rikoti Tunnel Bypass 4.3 km Abastumani - Kanobili 5 km Khertvisi - Vardzia - Mtkvari (Turkish border) 22.6 km Kareli accessroad 3.3 km Sveneti - Gori accessroad 2.1 km Kaspi - Kavtiskhevi 10.8 km Igoeti - Akhmaji 12 km Igoeti - Kaspi - Akhalkalaki 20.5 km Narekvavi - Mtskheta Railway Station 6.2 km Bagischala - Dusheti - Aragvispiri 19.3 km Rustavi - Gardabani - Vakhtangisi (Azerbaijan Border, Highway R24) 24.5 km Gamarjveba - Rustavi 7.1 km Didi Dmanisi - Dmanisi - Gomareti - Bediani 70.2 km Kvareli - Mukuzani 17 km Telavi - Shakriani 11.4 km Bakuriani Circular Path 3 km Tirdznisi - Ditsi - Eredvi - Kheiti 18.8 km Toegangsweg Poti Sea Port (Via Khobi and Javakhishvili streets) 4.8 km Motsameta Monastery Accessroad 1.5 km Bakuriani Didveli Ski complex Accessroad 2.6 km Number Name (route) Length (km) Goderdzi Pass - Beshumi 10 km Salkhino - Dadiani Palace Accessroad 6.7 km Hatsvali Ski complex Accessroad 6 km Prometheus Cave Accessroad 2.2 km Natanebi - Choloki Bridge 8.1 km Chokhatauri - Bakhmaro 53 km Ozurgeti - Ninoshvili - Lesa 24.8 km Chokhatauri - Zomleti 15 km Zugdidi - Jikhashkari - Chkhorotsqu 26 km Martvili - Taleri - Chkhorotsqu 41 km Nokalakevi - Ledzadzame - Didi Chkoni 23.5 km Khobi - Sajijao - Lesichine 29.2 km Zugdidi - Narazeni - Dzveli Khibula - Akhali khibula - Zubi 23.8 km Tsalenjikha - Obuji - Jikhashkari 14.2 km Darcheli - Ganmukhuri 12.6 km Taleri - Lebarde 34 km Martvili - Martvili Monastery 1.3 km Nosiri - Gejeti - Nokalakevi 16.5 km Tsalenjikha - Jvari - Jvarzeni 13.5 km Tsalenjikha - Lia - Pakhulani 10.5 km Tsalenjikha - Tsalenjikha Cathedral 1 km Shua Khorga - Kulevi 15.4 km Khobi - Akhalsopeli - Railway Platform 10.8 km Becho - Shikhra 9.1 km Khaishi - Sakeni - Omarishara 58 km
101-150
Number Name (route) Length (km) Zestaponi - Kitskhi - Kharagauli 20.8 km Rufoti - Alisubani - Sazano - Tuzi - Kvatsikhe - Katskhi 28.4 km Ianeti - Didi Jikhaishi - Khoni 17.1 km Kutaisi - Geguti - Sakulia - Bashi - Ianeti 34 km Vani - Sulori 11.5 km Shuamta - Chkvishi (G. Tabidze's House-Museum) 4.6 km Vani - Gaghma Vani (archaeological center) 2 km Kutaisi - Sapishkhia - Chognari 4.7 km Tkibuli - Sochkheti - Orpiri 24.2 km Gelati Monastery complex accessroad 2.6 km Banoja - Sataplia 6.1 km Tskaltubo - Partskhanakanevi 11.3 km Giorgi Tsereteli Museum accessroad 1.1 km Chiatura - Perevisa - Sveri - Tvalueti - Gezruli 32 km Shukruti - Usakhelo - Korbouli 19.2 km Matkhoji – Khidi - Gordi - Kinchkha 18.6 km Satsulukidzeo - Akhalbediseuli - Dzedzileti - Gelaveri 20 km Gordi - Nogha - Dzedzileti 5.6 km Chrebalo - Nikortsminda 25.1 km Tsesi - Uravi 14.3 km Saglolo – Chiora – Ghebi 11 km Lentekhi – Bavari 24 km Tsana – Zeskho 7 km Adigeni – Ude – Arali 16 km Akhaltsikhe – Ghreli – Sapara Monastery 9 km Number Name (route) Length (km) Akhalkalaki - Kirovakani - Kumurdo 10.1 km Borjomi - Lake Baghi - Tsemi 12.3 km Tsaghveri - Kimotesubani Church 4 km Akhalkalaki – Rkoni 21.9 km Shekvetili Kobuleti - Chakvi – Makhinjauri (Tunnel Bypass) 32.6 km Tsinarekhi - Kvatakhevi Monastery 9.6 km Metekhi - Kvemo Gomi - Church of St John the Baptist 9.1 km Igoeti - Samtavisi - Kvemo Chala 4.2 km Kareli – Kintsvisi Monastery 8.9 km Ruisi Monastery accessroad 1 km Urbnisi Monastery accessroad 1.1 km Khidistavi – Ateni - Boshuri 28.4 km Gori – Mejvrishevi 17 km Uplistsikhe complex accessroad 6.7 km Tskhinvali – Vanati - Zonkari - Atsrishevi 28 km Vanati - Geri Church 12 km Sasadilo - Orkhevi - Khevsurtsopeli 27 km Dusheti - Mchadijvari - Odzisi 17.9 km Zarzma monastery accessroad 0.8 km Chargali (Vazha Pshavela House-Museum) accessroad 3.1 km Stepantsminda – Gergeti Trinity Church 5.7 km Achkhoti - Sno – Akhaltsikhe - Juta 20 km Orkhevi – Sioni 3.7 km Tsitsamuri – Saguramo - Tskhvarichamia 20.8 km Mtskheta – Shiomghvime Monastery 11.4 km
151-200