List of Slovenian domestic animal breeds lists Slovenian local breeds of domesticated animals. This list includes all animal breeds that are locally adapted in Slovenia, being either autochthonous either traditional. The most widespread classification lists 15 (or 16) Slovenian autochthonous breeds, while there are 13 recognized Slovenian traditional breeds.
Slovenian autochthonous breeds are Styrian Hen, Bosnian Mountain Horse,Zapisnik 6. seje Sveta za Živinorejo. 6.7.2021 (in Slovenian). Retrieved 18.10.2021. Lipizzan, Posavac, Slovenian Cold-blood, Cika cattle, Krškopolje pig, Bela Krajina Pramenka, Bovec sheep, Jezersko-Solčava sheep, Improved Jezersko-Solčava sheep,Zapisnik 5. seje Sveta za Živinorejo. 11.5.2021 (in Slovenian). Retrieved 18.10.2021. Istrian milk, Drežnica goat, Karst Shepherd dog and Carniolan honey bee (some also include marble trout). Slovenian traditional breeds are as follows: Slovenian Barred Hen, Slovenian Brown Hen, Slovene Late-feathered Hen, Slovenian Silver Hen, Haflinger, Ljutomer Trotter, Braunvieh, Fleckvieh, Slovenian Landrace – line 11, Slovenian Landrace – line 55, Slovenian Large White, Slovenian Alpine goat and Slovenian Saanen goat.
Division of Slovenian breeds Slovenian breeds:
Local (locally adapted) breeds Autochthonous breeds Traditional breeds Introduced breeds Allochthonous breeds Exotic breeds
Autochthonous breeds Autochthonous breeds are all of those domestic animal breeds that originate from the Slovenian area and have historical documents, proving their country of origin. Some autochthonous breeds are cross-border and have been developed in various countries, meaning they can be recognized as autochthonous in multiple countries.
Additional mandatory conditions, that define and determine a status of autochthonous breed, are a breed register, a breed standard and limited, as well as supervised influx of other breeds' genes. Slovenian laws require autochthonous breeds to have a breed register of at least five animal generations, bred in Slovenia. Before obtaining the status of autochthonous a breed has to have a title of traditional breed.
Poultry English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesStyrian Hen, AltsteirerŠtajerska kokoš, štajerka, štajarska kokoš, staroštajerka, staroštajerska kokoš, celjska kokoš, kmečka kokoš, štajerska kmečka kokoš, domača šopka, štajerska deželna kokoš, hasnovita štajerska kokoš, domačegrudna kokoš, sulmtaler, sulmdolka, sulmtalka, sulmska kokoš, sulmtalska kokošGallus gallus domesticusSlovenia (mostly Slovenian Styria between rivers Mur and Sava) and Austrian state StyriaAround 1650 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Primarily there were three colour variants: red/brown, white and barred. Red is divided into partridge-like type, reddish brown birds and wheat coloured hen. Today most of Styrian hens are of the partridge type.
Horses English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesBosnian Mountain HorseBosanski planinski konj, bosanski konj, planinski konj, domači konjEquus caballusBalkan Peninsula, native to countries of former YugoslaviaAround 300 across the worldThe oldest autochthonous horse breed on Balkan Peninsula. Accepted among autochthonous breeds in Slovenia despite some hesitation. To Slovenia the breed probably arrived in 15th century with Uskoks.LipizzanLipicanski konj,Slovenske avtohtone in tradicionalne pasme domačih živali (2014). Oddelek za zootehniko, UL BF (in Slovenian). Retrieved 28.09.2021. lipicanecEquus caballusLipica, Slovenian KarstAround 1220 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Warmblood. Foals are black or bay. While aging horses become gray.Posavac, Posavje horsePosavski konj, posavecEquus caballusSava, mostly Lower Sava ValleyAround 1910 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Smaller cold-blood. Phenomenon of sexual dimorphism; stallions are more robust than mares.Slovenian Cold-blood, Slovenian Cold-blooded HorseSlovenski hladnokrvni konjEquus caballusNortheastern Slovenia and Upper CarniolaAround 3050 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Mostly bay or black medium-sized cold-blooded horse.
Cattle English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesCika cattleCikasto govedo, cikaBos taurusNorthwestern Slovenia (alpine regions and Bohinj)Around 5530 in Slovenia (y. 2020)There are two distinct geographical types; Tolmin and Bohinj Cika cattle.
Pigs English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesKrškopolje pig, Black-belted pigKrškopoljski prašič, črnopasasti prašič, pasasti prašič, prekasti prašič, prekec, KPSus scrofa domesticaLower Carniola (mostly southeastern part)Around 2530 in Slovenia (y. 2020)The breed's well-known feature is a continuous pink belt, running across pig's shoulders and forelimbs. Other parts of the body are blackish.
Sheep English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesBela Krajina PramenkaBelokranjska pramenka, ovca BPOvis ariesNear river Kolpa between Vinica, Adlešiči and Črnomelj (breed got its name after White Carniola, in Slovene language Bela krajina)Around 1135–1200 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Mostly black ears, black colour (spots or blotches) is also around eyes and on sheep's legs.Bovec sheepBovška ovca, trentarka (in valley Trenta), ovca BOvis ariesValley of Soča, Bovec, TolminAround 2930–3800 in Slovenia (y. 2020)White sheep with some black-white and brown individuals.Improved Jezersko-Solčava sheepOplemenjena jezersko-solčavska ovca, ovca JSROvis ariesA consequence of breeding Slovenian Jezersko-Solčava sheep with Russian Romanov sheep.Around 92 000 in Slovenia (y. 2003),Seznam in opis slovenskih lokalnih pasem (avtohtone, tradicionalne) domačih živali ter število plemenic (2003). In Slovenian. Retrieved 29.09.2021. the most numerous sheep breed in SloveniaWhite wool, dark individuals are a result of crossbreeding with Romanov sheep.Istrian milk, Istrian PramenkaIstrska pramenka, ovca IP, istrijanka, primorska ovca, ovca surove volne, kraška ovcaOvis ariesKarst and IstriaAround 930–1100 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Sheep are white, with blackish spots covering their trunk and head. Some animals are black. This breed's feature is a poor hairiness of animal's legs.Jezersko-Solčava sheepJezersko-solčavska ovca, ovca JSOvis ariesEastern regions of Slovenian AlpsAround 5150–15 000 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Jezersko-Solčava sheep are white and often have darker area around, as well as below their eyes (so-called tear). Of black colour are also tips of sheep's ears.
Goats English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesDrežnica goatDrežniška koza, bovška koza, koza DRCapra hircusPosočje (Bovec and Drežnica)Around 880–900 in Slovenia (y. 2020)In the past people bred milk goats in Bovec and meat type in Drežnica.
Dogs English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesKarst Shepherd DogKraški ovčar, kraševec, ilirski ovčarCanis familiarisKarstAround 820 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Primarily livestock guardian dog. It is a member of the second FCI group (Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossoid and Swiss Mountain and Cattledogs). In the past Slovenian cynologists made some major contributions to breeding three additional Yugoslavian dog breeds, which were later assigned to Croatia and Montenegro by Fédération Cynologique Internationale. These breeds are Montenegrin Mountain Hound, now belonging to Montenegro, Posavac Hound and Istrian Hound (Coarse-haired and Short-haired) – both owned by Croatia.
Other English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesCarniolan honey beeKranjska čebela, kranjska sivka, kranjica, koroška čebela, karnika, noriška čebela, sivkaApis mellifera carnicaCarniolaAround 12 500 beehives, 40 000 purebreed queens and 90 000 bee families in SloveniaCarniolan bee has a status of a subspecies of honey bee. It is also treated as a breed. Some classifications of Slovenian autochthonous breeds also include marble trout (Salmo marmoratus). English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesMarble troutSoška postrvSalmo marmoratus/ Salmo trutta marmoratusEndemic species of Jadran river basin (mostly Soča)There are two distinct colour types; trouts of Zadlaščica type are marbled, while type Idrijca fish also possess red spots. Often a lot of red dots can be found covering fish's lateral line.
Traditional breeds Unlike an autochthonous breed a Slovenian traditional breed does not originate from the Slovenian area (it is of foreign origin). However a traditional breed has a long history of breeding in the region of Republic of Slovenia.
The Official Gazette, number 77/04, titled List of autochthonous and traditional breeds of domestic animals, requires Slovenian traditional breeds to be continuously bred by Slovenian breeders for at least 30 years (for poultry, pigs, sheep, goats and cattle) or 50 years (for other species). Another mandatory condition is an existence of breed register that proves a breed is being raised in Slovenia for at least 5 generations.
An additional requirement is a proper breed's name; a Slovenian traditional breed should have the word "slovenska" ("Slovenian") or a name of any other Slovene human settlement in its name.
Poultry English nameLocal namesScientific nameOriginNumberImageNotesSlovenian Barred HenSlovenska grahasta kokoš, SGKGallus gallus domesticusBred on the Department of Animal Science, BF UL, from Barred and White Plymouth RockAround 1270 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Serves for a production of commercial chicken. When cross-breeding a hen of the Slovenian Barred and a rooster of the Slovenian Brown the result is so-called Prelux-Č (prelux črna in Slovenian, Prelux Black in English). Prelux-G (prelux grahasta in Slovenian, Prelux Barred in English) is a consequence of breeding a rooster of the Slovenian Barred with a hen of the Slovenian Brown. Mostly used for egg production (light type).Slovenian Brown HenSlovenska rjava kokoš, SRKGallus gallus domesticusBred on the Department of Animal Science, BF UL, from American chicken breed Rhode Island RedAround 2910 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Serves for a production of commercial chicken. So-called Prelux-R (prelux rjava in Slovenian, Prelux Brown in English) is a consequence of crossbreeding a hen of the Slovenian Silver with a rooster of the Slovenian Brown. When cross-breeding a hen of the Slovenian Barred and a rooster of the Slovenian Brown the result is so-called Prelux-Č. Prelux-G is a consequence of breeding a rooster of the Slovenian Barred with a hen of the Slovenian Brown. Mostly used for egg production (light type).Slovene Late-feathered Hen, Slovenian Slow Feathering HenSlovenska pozno operjena kokoš, SPOKGallus gallus domesticusBred on the Department of Animal Science, BF UL, from American White Plymouth RockAround 340 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Serves for a production of broilers (so-called Prelux-BRO). Heavy chicken breed.Slovenian Silver HenSlovenska srebrna kokoš, SSKGallus gallus domesticusBred on the Department of Animal Science, BF UL, from multiple chicken breedsAround 920 in Slovenia (y. 2020)Serves for a production of commercial chicken. So-called Prelux-R is a consequence of crossbreeding a hen of the Slovenian Silver with a rooster of the Slovenian Brown. Mostly used for egg production (light type). In the past the Slovene Early-feathered Hen and Slovenian Fathering Hen were also included among Slovenian traditional breeds of domestic animals. In 2013 financial problems caused both breeds to be removed from the list of Slovenian heavy locally adapted chicken breeds, making the Slovene Late-feathered Hen the only currently listed breed.
Horses