Marbury is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Anne Marbury Hutchinson (1591–1643), American Puritan spiritual adviser Charles Clagett Marbury (1898–1991), Justice of the Maryland Court of Appeals Elisabeth Marbury (1856–1933), American theatrical and literary agent and producer Francis Marbury (1555–1611), English cleric, schoolmaster, and playwright; father of Anne Ogle Marbury (1882–1973), American jurist, Chief Judge of the supreme court of Maryland Stephon Marbury (born 1977), American basketball player William Marbury (1762–1835), American businessman Marbury v. Madison, a decision of the United States Supreme Court William L. Marbury Jr. (1901–1988), American lawyer