SFSR may refer to:

A Soviet Federative Socialist Republic or Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, any of several Republics of the Soviet Union: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR) (1917–1991) Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (Transcaucasian SFSR) (1922–1936) Santa Fe Southern Railway, a short line railroad in New Mexico, United States San Francisco Syncope Rule, a clinical prediction rule for syncopal episodes