Pterophylla is a genus of trees of the family Cunoniaceae, with species found growing naturally in Madagascar, Malesia, Papuasia, and the Pacific Islands, formerly included in Weinmannia.
Range and habitat Species of Pterophylla are native to Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, and to Malesia (Peninsular Thailand and Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi, Maluku, and the Philippines), Papuasia (New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and Solomon Islands), Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand, and parts of Oceania (Fiji, Cook Islands, Marquesas Islands, Samoa Islands, Society Islands, and Tubuai Islands).
Species of Pterophylla grow in lowland tropical forests in Madagascar, and generally in hill and montane tropical forests on the larger islands of Malesia and the Pacific. They are absent from Oceania's low coraline islands, but can be abundant on the higher volcanic islands from 300 to 750+ metres elevation. They are also found in subtropical and temperate forest in New Zealand between 0 and 1180 metres elevation.
Classification The genus was first described by David Don in 1830. It is often treated as a synonym of Weinmannia.Pterophylla D.Don The World Flora Online. Accessed 26 September 2022.
A phylogenomic study by Pillon et al. (2021) concluded that Weinmannia was paraphyletic, and formed two distinct clades. The species belonging to the four Old World sections – Fasciculatae, Inspersae, Spicatae, and Leiospermum – formed a monophyletic group, which is sister to the Old World genera Cunonia and Pancheria. Section Weinmannia, which includes species from the Americas and the Mascarene Islands, is sister to the Old World assemblage. They proposed placing the four Old World sections into the revived genus Pterophylla, with genus Weinmannia limited to the American and Mascarene species of section Weinmannia.
Species There are 68 accepted species, which are divided among four sections – Pterophylla (formerly Fasciculatae), Leiospermum, Spicatae, and Inspersae.
sect. Pterophylla (mostly Malesia and Papuasia, from Sumatra to Fiji)Bradford, J.C. (1998) A cladisitc analysis of species groups in Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) based on morphology and inflorescence structure. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85 (4): 565‑93. Pterophylla aphanoneura (Airy Shaw) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Borneo Pterophylla celebica (Koord.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Sulawesi Pterophylla clemensiae - Borneo Pterophylla coodei (H.C.Hopkins) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Sulawesi Pterophylla descombesiana (Bernardi) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Sulawesi Pterophylla devogelii (H.C.Hopkins) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Sulawesi Pterophylla exigua (A.C.Sm.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Fiji (Vanua Levu) Pterophylla eymana (H.C.Hopkins) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Sulawesi Pterophylla fraxinea D.Don – Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, Maluku Islands, New Guinea, Solomon Islands. Pterophylla furfuracea (H.C.Hopkins) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Sulawesi and Maluku Islands Pterophylla hooglandii (H.C.Hopkins & J.Bradford) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Malay Peninsula Pterophylla hutchinsonii (Merr.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Philippines Pterophylla lucida (Merr.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Philippines (Luzon and Samar) Pterophylla luzoniensis (S.Vidal) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Philippines (Luzon) Pterophylla macgillivrayi (Seem.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Vanuatu Pterophylla negrosensis (Elmer) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Philippines and Sulawesi Pterophylla pullei (Schltr.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – New Guinea Pterophylla richii (A.Gray) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Fiji Pterophylla urdanetensis (Elmer) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Philippines and Papuasia Pterophylla ysabelensis (L.M.Perry) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Solomon Islands (Santa Isabel Island)
sect. Leiospermum (mostly Pacific, from the Bismarck Archipelago to the Marquesas) Pterophylla affinis (A.Gray) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins (synonym Pterophylla samoensis (A.Gray) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins) – Fiji, Samoan Islands, and Rarotonga Pterophylla croftii (H.C.Hopkins) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Bismarck Archipelago Pterophylla denhamii (Seem.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Vanuatu Pterophylla dichotoma (Brongn. & Gris) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – New Caledonia Pterophylla marquesana (F.Br.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Marquesas Islands Pterophylla ouaiemensis (Guillaumin & Virot) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – northern New Caledonia Pterophylla paitensis (Schltr.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – central and southeastern New Caledonia Pterophylla parviflora (G.Forst.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Society Islands Pterophylla purpurea (L.M.Perry) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Bougainville Island Pterophylla racemosa (L.f.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – New Zealand Pterophylla raiateensis (J.W.Moore) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Raiatea Pterophylla rapensis (F.Br.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Rapa Iti Pterophylla serrata (Brongn. & Gris) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – New Caledonia Pterophylla sylvicola (Sol. ex A.Cunn.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – New Zealand North Island Pterophylla tremuloides (H.C.Hopkins & J.Florence) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Marquesas (Fatu Hiva) Pterophylla vescoi (Drake) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins – Society Islands (Raiatea and Tahiti) Pterophylla vitiensis - Fiji
sect. Spicatae (Madagascar and the Comoros) Pterophylla arguta (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla baehniana – Madagascar Pterophylla bernardii – Madagascar Pterophylla bojeriana (Tul.) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla bradfordii (I.M.Turner) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers - Madagascar Pterophylla comorensis (Tul.) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Comoros Pterophylla decora (Tul.) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers - Madagascar Pterophylla eriocarpa (Tul.) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla hildebrandtii (Baill.) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla humbertiana (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla humblotii (Baill.) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla icacifolia (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – northern and eastern Madagascar Pterophylla lucens (Baker) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla magnifica - Madagascar Pterophylla mammea (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla marojejyensis (J.S.Mill. & J.Bradford) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla minutiflora (Baker) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla pauciflora (J.Bradford) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla rakotomalazana (J.Bradford) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla sanguisugarum (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla stenostachya (Baker) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar
sect. Inspersae (Madagascar) Pterophylla aggregata (Z.S.Rogers & J.Bradford) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla commersonii (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla henricorum (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla hepaticarum (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla louveliana (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla lowryana (J.Bradford) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla madagascariensis (DC. ex Ser.) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – eastern Madagascar Pterophylla rutenbergii (Engl.) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar Pterophylla venusta (Bernardi) J.Bradford & Z.S.Rogers – Madagascar
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