Gurl.com (pronounced "girl dot com"; formerly stylized as gURL.com from 1996 to 2011) was an American website for teenage girls that was online from 1996 to 2018. It was created by Rebecca Odes, Esther Drill, and Heather McDonald as a resource centered on teen advice, body image, female sexuality, and other teen-related concerns. First published as an online zine, it later expanded into an online community. At one point, it provided a free e-mail and web hosting service, known as Gurlmail and Gurlpages respectively.
Clothing retailer Delia's purchased the site in 1997; it was sold to PriMedia in 2001, who in turn sold it to iVillage in 2003. Alloy, later rebranded as Defy Media, acquired it from iVillage in 2009. The website ceased activity after Defy Media's closure in 2018 and was acquired by Hearst Magazines, who redirected it to Seventeen'''s website.
As one of the first major websites aimed at teenage girls in the United States, Gurl.com was heavily associated with zine culture and third-wave feminism; it was also used in academia to study the online behavior of teenage girls. Unlike teen magazines in the 1990s, Gurl.com was known for its humorous tone, unconventional approach to teen-related topics compared to mainstream media, and contributions from its audience (such as editorials and artwork). The popularity of Gurl.com led the creators to co-author three teen advice books, the first being Deal With It! A Whole New Approach to Your Body, Brain, and Life as a gURL (1999).
Gurl.com won the I.D. Magazine Award for Interactive Media in 1997 and a Webby Award in 1998; its founders received the New York Magazine Award in 1997 for their work on the website. Gurl.com was also met with privacy concerns, as well as criticism from conservative and anti-pornography advocates for its sex-positive stance and sex education resources.
History
Rebecca Odes and Esther Drill, childhood friends from West Orange, New Jersey, conceived the idea of managing a magazine while they were in high school, as teenagers in the 1980s. Dissatisfied with the teen magazines available to them growing up, they sought to curate alternative media that would properly address the concerns of teenage girls. In 1995, while they were graduate students at the Interactive Telecommunications Program at New York University, they, along with fellow student Heather McDonald, decided to form a female-positive online space aimed at teenagers, as they felt the Internet lacked such communities in the 1990s. They wanted to create an uncensored resource for girls, with features similar to those in a teen magazine, but also wanted to build a community centered on female interests, with peer advice and opinions from other girls. Gurl.com was then created as Odes, Drill, and McDonald's Master's Thesis project. The name of the website combined the word "girl" with the acronym "URL". The logo of the website contained a closed fist with painted nails. The website was launched in May 1996.
After Gurl.com's initial launch, the website was included as a member of EstroNet, a web portal designed to drive traffic to independently owned websites created by women. The clothing retailer Delia's approached Odes, Drill, and McDonald with an acquisition offer and purchased the website in December 1997. Odes, Drill, and McDonald continued to work on the website from Delia's offices. Gurl.com was included as part of the website network iTurf (Delia's online subsidiary) in an attempt to launch an e-commerce market targeting Generation Y. Gurl.com was initially launched as a non-commercial website, but it began selling merchandise from Delia's catalogue beginning in May 1998. On September 2, 1999, iTurf partnered with America Online to feature content from Gurl.com on their website in a section called AOgirL. In May 2000, Gurl.com sponsored Take Back the Decks: An Evening of Women in Underground Music, an all-female music festival held at Lighthouse Frying Pan in New York City, New York. From November 16 to November 21, 2000, Gurl.com held the Movers, Shakers, and Media Makers Film Festival at the Pioneer Theater in East Village, Manhattan, with Kim Peirce, Christine Vachon, and Nancy Savoca as guests.
Following the dot-com bubble burst in 2000, Delia's sold or closed down all of their Internet properties in late November 2000, with the exception of Gurl.com. On November 23, 2000, Gurl.com was redesigned with less focus on e-commerce. In May 2001, PriMedia, the parent company of Seventeen, acquired Gurl.com in an attempt to expand its teen-centered properties. In August 2003, while downsizing and paying off its debts, PriMedia sold Gurl.com to iVillage, with Drill and McDonald joining staff. In 2005, Gurl.com opened its first mobile store powered by M-Qube, selling ringtones and wallpapers for mobile phones.
In 2009, Alloy acquired Gurl.com as part of their strategy to build a digital entertainment hub aimed at teenagers and young adults. Alloy later relaunched Gurl.com in 2011 with a new logo, containing a cursive font with the "u" shaped as a heart. Once Alloy merged with Breaker Media and became Defy Media in 2013, Gurl.com focused on video content and had a YouTube channel. The website ceased activity after 2018 with the closure of Defy Media. Once Gurl.com was redirected to Seventeens website, Hearst Magazines later announced on February 15, 2019 that they acquired Clevver, including Gurl.com, which Defy Media had grouped with Clevver's network. In 2020, Jamie Petitto, a video editor for Gurl.com from 2012 until its closure, stated in a video post on her social media accounts that Gurl.com had stopped updating since 2017. She also stated that she had offered to buy Gurl.com from Defy Media but could not meet their demand of $3 million.
Content
Zine
Gurl.com drew inspiration from teen magazines, and its initial launch used a zine format. The website's intended demographic was girls aged 13 or older. Unlike contemporary online communities aimed at young women in the 1990s, Gurl.com had an edgier appearance, using a frank and nonjudgmental approach to address topics such as dating, health, and beauty. Gurl.com also directly addressed topics such as female sexuality, which according to The Cut was not commonly seen in traditional media aimed at teenagers in the 1990s. Early content parodied and satirized mainstream teen magazines. The website initially used drawings of women instead of photos to emphasize body positivity and to avoid body image concerns.
Content on the website was organized into topics such as "Deal With It" (daily life), "Looks Aren't Everything" (fashion and beauty), "Where Do I Go From Here?" (career), and sports. When Gurl.com was given a new design on November 23, 2000, "Stop, Look, and Listen" (shopping) and "Movers, Shakers, and Media Makers" (celebrities and other women in media) were added as two new sections. "The Boob Files" had first-person essays written about breasts that were submitted by contributors. The website also had an advice column run by McDonald, titled "Help Me, Heather."
Because Odes, Drill, and McDonald believed that girls prefer creating to being consumers, the website allowed contributions from its users, such as comics, poems, opinions on current events, and reviews. For the same reason, they limited contributions from celebrities, as the website was intended to be a counter against aspirational fantasy. One of Gurl.com's notable contributions from its readers was its comics section, which included serializations such as Those Sucky Emotions and Mizbehavior, both initially listed in the "Deal With It" topic. Other comics included Girl Stories by Lauren Weinstein; Fifteen Revolutions and Rachel the Great & Tuna by Rachel Nabors; and Girls in Love and I Heart Sex by Martina Fugazzotto.
During Alloy's (later rebranded as Defy Media) acquisition of Gurl.com, the company shifted the website's focus towards video editorials. Jamie Petitto was hired to be a host for the video content from 2012 to 2017. She primarily hosted a DIY video series called Do It, Gurl on Gurl.com's YouTube channel, which was nominated for a Streamy Award in 2013.
Features
While Gurl.com could be accessed without an account, registration was required to submit content and participate in the chat room and message board. Registration was free, and users were strongly advised to create a non-identifying alias to keep them anonymous. The message board, known as the "Shout-out Boards", were where users could interact with each other and exchange advice. Gurl.com also had an online avatar-based text chat room server, known as the Gurl Palace, accessible through the computer program The Palace.
As well as messaging features, Gurl.com featured online games. Some of the early game content satirized beauty standards, such as the game "Hairy Gurl". Later games stuck to Gurl.com's concept of acknowledging girls as creators instead of consumers, such as "Make Your Own Rock Band", "Make Your Own Reality TV Show", and "Try the Prom Dress Selector". It also had personality quizzes, with a well-documented one being "Paper Doll Psychology", where users could dress a paper doll and receive an assessment on their personality based on their clothing choices.
During Delia's ownership from 1997 to 2001, Gurl.com provided an e-mail service through Gurlmail.com and web hosting through Gurlpages.com, both free services owned by Lycos. Many users used Gurlpages to host zines, particularly about female sexuality. Others used Gurlpages to host their creative works, such as poetry, and rants about their daily lives. Websites hosted on Gurlpages were part of Gurl.com's network and allowed users to easily connect with one another.
Publications
Following the success of Gurl.com, Odes, Drill, and McDonald received a book deal through a partnership with Scholastic. They published a series of teen advice books based on the editorial content on the website and also included conversations found on Gurl.com's message board. The first book, Deal With It! A Whole New Approach to Your Body, Brain, and Life as a gURL, was released on September 1, 1999; it offered advice on puberty, queer identities, sex, eating disorders, drug use, and mental health, with a list of resources on each topic. To promote the book, Odes, Drill, and McDonald launched an accompanying website, DealWithIt.com, which hosted an online version of the resources. Deal With It! was received favorably, most reviewers praising the book as a valuable resource about sexual health as well as its tone and presentation; some critics cautioned that parents might not find some of the content appropriate and advised that the book was not suitable for younger readers. Deal With It! was listed at #82 on the American Library Association's Top 100 Banned/Challenged Books from 2000 to 2009, with several organizations challenging the book due to its LGBT-friendly and sex-positive content. Deal With It! became a national bestseller, selling 100,000 copies in the United States by January 2000, and was awarded the I.D. Magazine Award in the Graphics category in July 2000.Deal With It! was followed by The Looks Book: A Whole New Approach to Beauty, Body Image, and Style on October 1, 2002, which examined beauty standards throughout the ages. Publishers Weekly described the artwork as "whimsical" and the book as both intelligent and humorous, suggesting that it presented a message of empowerment.