The 2010 census estimated Alabama's population at 4,802,740, an increase of 332,636 or 7.5% since 2000. This includes a natural increase of 87,818 (375,808 births minus 287,990 deaths) and a net migration of 73,178 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 30,537 and migration within the country produced a net increase of 42,641.

As of 2000, 96.7% of Alabama residents age 5 and older speak English at home and 2.2% speak Spanish. German speakers make up only 0.4% of the population, French/French Creole at 0.3%, and Chinese at 0.1%.

In 2006 Alabama had a larger percentage of tobacco smokers than the national average, with 23% of adults smoking.

The religious affiliations of adult people in Alabama are as follows: Christian – 86%, Non-Christian Faiths – 1%, Other faiths – 1%, Unaffiliated (religious "nones") – 12%

As of 2000, 25.3% of residents of the state were under 18, 6.7% were under 5, and 13.0% were over 65.

51.7% of Alabamians are female and 48.3% are male; there is a surplus of 600,000 women in the age range of 25–44.

Population

The 2010 census estimated Alabama's population at 4,802,740, an increase of 332,636 or 7.5% since 2000. This includes a natural increase of 87,818 (375,808 births minus 287,990 deaths) and a net migration of 73,178 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 30,537 and migration within the country produced a net increase of 42,641.

In 2006 Alabama had a larger percentage of tobacco smokers than the national average, with 23% of adults smoking. for 2006, lists the state as having 23.3% smokers. The national average is 20.8% according to Cigarette Smoking Among Adults --- United States, 2006 article in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

The racial makeup of the state and comparison to the prior census:

2020 census Racial and ethnic composition +Alabama – Racial and ethnic compositionRace / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)Pop 1980Pop 1990Pop 2000Pop 2010 Pop 2020% 1980% 1990% 2000% 2010% 2020White alone (NH)2,855,5582,960,1673,125,8193,204,4023,171,35173.33%73.26%70.29%67.04%63.12%Black or African American alone (NH)983,6961,017,7131,150,0761,244,4371,288,15925.26%25.19%25.86%26.04%25.64%Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)7,58316,22121,61825,90723,1190.19%0.40%0.49%0.54%0.46%Asian alone (NH)9,72621,21730,98952,93775,9180.25%0.53%0.70%1.11%1.51%Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH)x included in the Asian category in the 1980 Censusx included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census1,0591,9762,612xx0.02%0.04%0.05%Other race alone (NH)4,0266402,6234,03014,4550.10%0.02%0.06%0.08%0.29%Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)x not an option in the 1980 Censusx not an option in the 1990 Census39,08660,445184,618xx0.88%1.26%3.67%Hispanic or Latino (any race)33,29924,62975,830185,602264,0470.86%0.61%1.71%3.88%5.26%Total3,893,8884,040,5874,447,1004,779,7365,024,279 100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%

+Autauga County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)41,58270.71%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)11,35219.3%Native American1840.31%Asian8731.48%Pacific Islander220.04%Other/Mixed2,6754.55%Hispanic or Latino2,1173.6% +Baldwin County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)186,49580.47%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)18,0017.77%Native American1,2910.56%Asian2,0290.88%Pacific Islander1220.05%Other/Mixed11,1434.81%Hispanic or Latino12,6865.47% +Barbour County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)11,08643.95%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)11,85046.98%Native American580.23%Asian1030.41%Other/Mixed6162.44%Hispanic or Latino1,5105.99% +Bibb County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)16,44273.75%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)4,39019.69%Native American390.17%Asian260.12%Pacific Islander90.04%Other/Mixed6472.9%Hispanic or Latino7403.32% +Blount County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)49,76484.15%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)8261.4%Native American1880.32%Asian1740.29%Pacific Islander110.02%Other/Mixed2,4004.06%Hispanic or Latino5,7719.76% +Bullock County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)2,28122.02%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)7,38871.33%Native American10.01%Asian90.09%Pacific Islander70.07%Other/Mixed1681.62%Hispanic or Latino5034.86% +Butler County Racial CompositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)9,67950.81%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)8,38944.03%Native American230.12%Asian1430.75%Pacific Islander50.03%Other/Mixed5522.9%Hispanic or Latino2501.36% +Calhoun County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)79,51968.29%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)25,36521.78%Native American3860.33%Asian1,1641.0%Pacific Islander1120.1%Other/Mixed4,8854.2%Hispanic or Latino5,0104.3% +Chambers County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)18,61653.54%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)13,44138.65%Native American710.2%Asian3851.11%Pacific Islander110.03%Other/Mixed1,0112.91%Hispanic or Latino1,2373.56% +Cherokee County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)22,56390.36%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)9873.95%Native American1090.44%Asian550.22%Pacific Islander10.0%Other/Mixed8563.43%Hispanic or Latino4001.6% +Chilton County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)34,87877.48%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)4,0408.97%Native American1120.25%Asian1760.39%Pacific Islander50.01%Other/Mixed1,3853.08%Hispanic or Latino4,4189.81% +Choctaw County Racial CompositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)7,03955.58%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)5,21741.19%Native American240.19Asian190.15%Other/Mixed2532.0%Hispanic or Latino1130.89% +Clarke County Racial CompositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)11,97051.85%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)10,22344.28%Native American740.32%Asian910.39%Pacific Islander10.0%Other/Mixed5222.26%Hispanic or Latino2060.89% +Clay County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)11,26179.1%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)1,94213.64%Native American450.32%Asian460.32%Pacific Islander40.03%Other/Mixed4893.43%Hispanic or Latino4493.15% +Cleburne County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)13,74091.26%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)4573.04%Native American420.28%Asian210.14%Pacific Islander20.01%Other/Mixed5103.39%Hispanic or Latino2841.89% +Coffee County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)35,75966.88%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)8,64316.17%Native American4050.76%Asian8921.67%Pacific Islander570.11%Other/Mixed2,8225.28%Hispanic or Latino4,8879.14% +Colbert County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)43,24175.56%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)9,22216.11%Native American2230.39%Asian4320.75%Pacific Islander90.02%Other/Mixed2,3684.14%Hispanic or Latino1,7323.03% +Conecuh County Racial CompositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)5,83550.31%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)5,09643.94%Native American710.61%Asian330.28%Other/Mixed3062.64%Hispanic or Latino2562.21% +Coosa County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)6,80765.53%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)3,00028.88%Native American250.24%Asian80.08%Other/Mixed3463.33%Hispanic or Latino2011.94% +Covington County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)30,65781.6%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)4,56312.15%Native American1400.37%Asian2400.64%Other/Mixed1,3163.5%Hispanic or Latino6541.74% +Crenshaw County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)9,33370.74%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)3,08523.38%Native American480.36%Asian830.63%Pacific Islander20.02%Other/Mixed4563.46%Hispanic or Latino1871.42% +Cullman County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)78,29889.11%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)9141.04%Native American2870.33%Asian5220.59%Pacific Islander640.07%Other/Mixed3,6354.14%Hispanic or Latino4,1464.72% +Dale County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)32,60266.09%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)10,10020.48%Native American2170.44%Asian6481.31%Pacific Islander420.09%Other/Mixed2,4634.99%Hispanic or Latino3,2546.6% +Dallas County Racial CompositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)10,36326.94%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)26,81269.71%Native American560.15%Asian1450.38%Pacific Islander120.03%Other/Mixed7782.02%Hispanic or Latino2960.77% +DeKalb County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)54,52976.15%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)1,0191.42%Native American7151.0%Asian2370.33%Pacific Islander160.02%Other/Mixed3,3484.68%Hispanic or Latino11,74416.4% +Elmore County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)62,54071.09%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)18,12620.6%Native American2700.31%Asian6690.76%Pacific Islander280.03%Other/Mixed3,5514.04%Hispanic or Latino2,7933.17% +Escambia County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)22,00459.86%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)10,92229.71%Native American1,4884.05%Asian1080.29%Pacific Islander220.06%Other/Mixed1,4623.98%Hispanic or Latino7512.04% +Etowah County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)77,73175.15%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)14,99914.5%Native American3320.32%Asian9210.89%Pacific Islander390.04%Other/Mixed4,5194.37%Hispanic or Latino4,8954.73% +Fayette County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)13,55283.03%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)1,72010.54%Native American430.26%Asian490.3%Pacific Islander10.01%Other/Mixed5603.43%Hispanic or Latino3962.43% +Franklin County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)23,58173.43%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)1,1393.55%Native American1280.4%Asian670.21%Pacific Islander20.01%Other/Mixed9372.92%Hispanic or Latino6,25919.49% +Geneva County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)21,65481.23%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)2,2318.37%Native American1660.62%Asian860.32%Pacific Islander70.03%Other/Mixed1,2194.57%Hispanic or Latino1,2964.86% +Greene County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)1,28516.62%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)6,22780.56%Native American50.06%Asian70.09%Other/Mixed1451.88%Hispanic or Latino610.79% +Hale County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)5,97240.39%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)8,31356.23%Native American340.23%Asian180.12%Pacific Islander50.03%Other/Mixed2941.99%Hispanic or Latino1491.01% +Henry County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)11,84269.07%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)4,23224.68%Native American500.29%Asian730.43%Other/Mixed6153.59%Hispanic or Latino3341.95% +Houston County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)68,25163.67%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)28,23226.34%Native American3210.3%Asian1,2601.18%Pacific Islander590.06%Other/Mixed4,5984.29%Hispanic or Latino4,4814.18% +Jackson County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)45,12385.82%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)1,6243.09%Native American6801.29%Asian2140.41%Pacific Islander20.0%Other/Mixed3,2556.19%Hispanic or Latino1,6813.2% +Jefferson County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)324,25248.06%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)280,11241.52%Native American1,2070.18%Asian13,0431.95%Pacific Islander3110.05%Other/Mixed20,9403.1%Hispanic or Latino34,8565.17% +Lamar County racial compositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)11,92485.34%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)1,42110.17%Native American280.2%Asian60.04%Pacific Islander20.03%Other/Mixed3822.73%Hispanic or Latino2081.49% +Lauderdale County Racial CompositionRaceNum.Perc.White (non-Hispanic)76,49181.75%Black or African American (non-Hispanic)9,1649.79%Native American2950.32%Asian7480.8%Pacific Islander310.03%Other/Mixed3,7574.02%Hispanic or Latino3,0783.29%