Monogenism or the monogenesis theory of human origins posits a common descent for all humans, debated in the 19th-century, it gave way to the now widely accepted theory of the recent African origin of modern humans.

Monogenism or monogenesis may also refer to:

Asexual reproduction, which involves only one parent Monogenesis (linguistics) Monogenetic theory of pidgins

See also Monogenetic (disambiguation) Monogenic (disambiguation) Polygenesis (disambiguation)