Cahalane is an Anglicized Irish surname derived from the given name Cathalán. Notable people with the surname include:
Conor Cahalane (born 1997), Irish hurler and Gaelic footballer Damien Cahalane (born 1992), Irish hurler and Gaelic footballer Jack Cahalane (born 2002), Irish hurler and Gaelic footballer Michael Cahalane (born 1995), Irish hurler Niall Cahalane (born 1963), Irish Gaelic footballer
See also Cahalan, a surname Cahillane, a surname