During the Cold War period former Southeast European country of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia established and maintained significant political, cultural and economic exchanges and relations with newly independent African states. While majority of multilateral exchanges were organized via Non-Aligned Movement and the United Nations, significant cooperation developed with the Organisation of African Unity as well, predecessor to contemporary African Union. Yugoslavia was the only non-African country which participated in funding of the Liberation Committee of the Organisation of African Unity. While being a uniquely involved in the workings of the body the country nevertheless preferred bilateral relations with individual liberation movements. The Organisation of African Unity included the Non-Alignment principle in its charter while Yugoslavia consider the organisation to be the only legitimate representative for the entire African continent throughout the Cold War era. Yugoslavia therefore followed common OAU line in its own policies towards issues in Africa.
Context
Yugoslavia, contrary to many Western Bloc countries in Europe did not have any direct colonial past which complicated relations between former Metropoles and newly independent states. The country believed that its own historical experiences of foreign domination by Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empire, challenges in development and complex multi-ethnic federalist structure are akin to experiences of newly independent post-colonial countries in Africa. At the same time, from the 1948 Tito–Stalin split onwards the country was not anymore under the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union and was instead focused on non-Bloc countries. As the maneuvering space for neutral countries in deeply divided Europe was shrinking Yugoslavia turned its foreign policy focus on new allies among former colonies and mandate territories, primarily in Africa and the Middle East.
Yugoslav construction firm Energoprojekt constructed and designed the Kampala International Conference Center in 1975 to accommodate the 13th Summit of the Organization of African Unity. Yugoslav architect Mario Jobst was invited to work on the conference center for the 14th OAU Summit in Libreville as well. Some exchanges remained at the level of planning with Yugoslav architect Branko Petrović creating the general plan for the headquarters building of the Organisation of African Unity in Addis Ababa in early 1960's which was never implemented in practice.
Gallery
Yugoslav foreign relations with African states Country Independence Formal Relations BeganNotes5 July 19622 July 196211 November 197519751 August 1960196230 September 196619705 August 196019681 July 1962196217 August 1960196018 February 196519656 March 195719592 October 1958195810 September 1974197528 February 19221 February 1908 (continued relations of the Kingdom of Serbia)12 October 19681970never colonized in a classical sense (temporary Italian occupation)195224 October 1964196418 April 198019801 January 196019605 July 1975197512/20 December 1963196330 June 1960196115 August 196019644 October 1966197226 July 1847195924 December 1951195526 June 1960196022 September 196019612 March 19562 March 195712 March 1968196925 June 1975197521 March 199019901 October 196019607 August 196019681 July 1962197112 July 1975197729 June 1976197720 August 1960196127 April 196119616 September 196819681 July 196019601 January 195619561961, 26 April 1964 (unification)196127 April 1960196020 March 195619579 October 1962196313 August 1960196011 August 1960196627 June 19771978
See also Foreign relations of the African Union Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement Museum of African Art, Belgrade Yugoslavia–European Communities relations Africa–China relations List of United States ambassadors to the African Union
References