This page provides supplementary chemical data on methanol.
Safety Data Sheet
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended that you seek the Safety Datasheet (SDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions. SDS is available at MSDS, Avantor and Loba Chemie
Structure and properties
Structure and properties Index of refraction, nD 1.328 at 20 °C Dielectric constant, εr 32.66 at 20 °C Magnetic susceptibilityNMR-002: Sample Devices and Magnetic Susceptibility. 5.3×10−7 cm3·g−1 Surface tension 22.5 dyn/cm at 20 °C ViscosityLange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674. 0.808 mPa·s at 0 °C0.690 mPa·s at 10 °C0.593 mPa·s at 20 °C0.449 mPa·s at 40 °C0.349 mPa·s at 60 °C
Thermodynamic properties
Phase behavior Triple point 175.5 K (−97.7 °C), 1.86·10−1 Pa Critical point 513 K (240 °C), 78.5 atm Std enthalpy changeof fusion, ΔfusHo 3.1773 kJ/mol Std entropy changeof fusion, ΔfusSo 18.1 J/(mol·K) Std enthalpy changeof vaporization, ΔvapHo 37.6 ± 0.5 kJ/mol Std entropy changeof vaporization, ΔvapSo 113 J/(mol·K) Solid properties Std enthalpy changeof formation, ΔfHosolid ? kJ/mol Standard molar entropy,Sosolid ? J/(mol K) Heat capacity, cp ? J/(mol K) Liquid properties Std enthalpy changeof formation, ΔfHoliquid −238.4 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy,Soliquid 127.2 J/(mol K) Enthalpy of combustion ΔcHo −715.0 kJ/mol Heat capacity, cp 70.8–90.5 J/(mol K) (at −97.6 to 64.7 °C) 79.9 J/(mol K) at 20 °C Gas properties Std enthalpy changeof formation, ΔfHogas −201.3 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy,Sogas 239.9 J/(mol K) Heat capacity,Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1525–1528.CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. pp. 2582–2584. cp 52.29 J/(mol K) at 77 °C61.43 J/(mol K) at 100–223 °C Heat capacity ratio, γ = cp/cv 1.203 at 77 °C van der Waals' constantsLange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524. a = 964.9 L2 kPa/mol2 b = 0.06702 liter per mole
Spectral data
UV-Vis λmax ? nm Extinction coefficient, ε ? IR Major absorption bands (liquid film) Wave number transmittance 3347 cm−1 6% 3336 cm−1 8% 2945 cm−1 18% 2833 cm−1 22% 2522 cm−1 77% 2046 cm−1 84% 1460 cm−1 47% 1116 cm−1 62% 1030 cm−1 4% 662 cm−1 58% NMR Proton NMR 3.97 ppm, 3.417 ppm Carbon-13 NMR 50.05 ppm Other NMR data MS Masses of main fragments
Vapor pressure of liquid P in mm Hg 1 10 40 90 400 760 1520 3800 7600 15200 30400 45600 T in °C −44.0 −16.2 5.0 21.2 49.9 64.7 84.0 112.5 138.0 167.8 203.5 224.0 Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed Here is a similar formula from the 67th edition of the CRC handbook. Note that the form of this formula as given is a fit to the Clausius–Clapeyron equation, which is a good theoretical starting point for calculating saturation vapor pressures: log10(P) = −(0.05223)a/T + b, where P is in mmHg, T is in kelvins, a = 38324, and b = 8.8017.
Properties of aqueous methanol solutions Data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. and CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. The annotation, d a°C/b°C, indicates density of solution at temperature a divided by density of pure water at temperature b known as specific gravity. When temperature b is 4 °C, density of water is 0.999972 g/mL.
% wtmethanol % volmethanol d 15.6 °C/4 °C d 0 °C/4 °C d 10 °C/4 °C d 20 °C/4 °C freezingtemp °C 0 0 0.99908 0.99984 0.99970 0.99820 0.0 1 1.25 0.99728 0.9981 0.9980 0.9965 2 2.50 0.99543 0.9963 0.9962 0.9943 3 3.75 0.99370 0.9946 0.9945 0.9931 3.9 5 0.9938 −2.2 4 4.99 0.99198 0.9930 0.9929 0.9914 5 6.22 0.99029 0.9914 0.9912 0.9896 6 7.45 0.98864 0.9899 0.9896 0.9880 7 8.68 0.98701 0.9884 0.9881 0.9863 8 9.91 0.98547 0.9870 0.9865 0.9847 8.1 10 0.9872 −5.0 9 11.13 0.98547 0.9856 0.9849 0.9831 10 12.35 0.98241 0.9842 0.9834 0.9815 11 13.56 0.98093 0.9829 0.9820 0.9799 12 14.77 0.97945 0.9816 0.9805 0.9784 12.2 15 0.9810 −8.3 13 15.98 0.97802 0.9804 0.9791 0.9768 14 17.18 0.97660 0.9792 0.9778 0.9754 15 18.38 0.97518 0.9780 0.9764 0.9740 16 19.58 0.97377 0.9769 0.9751 0.9725 16.4 20 0.975 −11.7 17 20.77 0.97237 0.9758 0.9739 0.9710 18 21.96 0.97096 0.9747 0.9726 0.9696 19 23.15 0.96955 0.9736 0.9713 0.9681 20 24.33 0.96814 0.9725 0.9700 0.9666 20.6 25 0.968 −15.6 21 25.51 0.96673 0.9714 0.9687 0.9651 22 26.69 0.96533 0.9702 0.9673 0.9636 23 27.86 0.96392 0.9690 0.9660 0.9622 24 29.03 0.96251 0.9678 0.9646 0.9607 24.9 30 0.964 −20.0 25 30.19 0.96108 0.9666 0.9632 0.9592 26 31.35 0.95963 0.9654 0.9628 0.9576 27 32.51 0.95817 0.9642 0.9604 0.9562 28 33.66 0.95668 0.9629 0.9590 0.9546 29 34.81 0.95518 0.9616 0.9575 0.9531 29.2 35 0.957 −25.0 30 35.95 0.95366 0.9604 0.9560 0.9515 31 37.09 0.95213 0.9590 0.9546 0.9499 32 38.22 0.95056 0.9576 0.9531 0.9483 33 39.35 0.94896 0.9563 0.9516 0.9466 33.6 40 0.950 −30.0 34 40.48 0.94734 0.9549 0.9500 0.9450 35 41.59 0.94570 0.9534 0.9484 0.9433 36 42.71 0.94404 0.9520 0.9469 0.9416 37 43.82 0.94237 0.9505 0.9453 0.9398 38 44.92 0.94067 0.9490 0.9437 0.9381 −35.6 39 46.02 0.93894 0.9475 0.9420 0.9363 40 47.11 0.93720 0.9459 0.9403 0.9345 41 48.20 0.93543 0.9443 0.9387 0.9327 42 49.28 0.93365 0.9427 0.9370 0.9309 43 50.35 0.93185 0.9411 0.9352 0.9290 44 51.42 0.93001 0.9395 0.9334 0.9272 45 52.49 0.92815 0.9377 0.9316 0.9252 46 53.54 0.92627 0.9360 0.9298 0.9234 47 54.60 0.92436 0.9342 0.9279 0.9214 48 55.64 0.92242 0.9324 0.9260 0.9196 49 56.68 0.92048 0.9306 0.9240 0.9176 50 57.71 0.91852 0.9287 0.9221 0.9156 51 58.74 0.91653 0.9269 0.9202 0.9135 52 59.76 0.91451 0.9250 0.9182 0.9114 53 60.77 0.91248 0.9230 0.9162 0.9094 54 61.78 0.91044 0.9211 0.9142 0.9073 55 62.78 0.90839 0.9191 0.9122 0.9052 56 63.78 0.90631 0.9172 0.9101 0.9032 57 64.77 0.90421 0.9151 0.9080 0.9010 58 65.75 0.90210 0.9131 0.9060 0.8988 59 66.73 0.89996 0.9111 0.9039 0.8968 60 67.69 0.89781 0.9090 0.9018 0.8946 61 68.65 0.89563 0.9068 0.8998 0.8924 62 69.61 0.89341 0.9046 0.8977 0.8902 63 70.55 0.89117 0.9024 0.8955 0.8879 64 71.49 0.88890 0.9002 0.8933 0.8856 65 72.42 0.88662 0.8980 0.8911 0.8834 66 73.34 0.88433 0.8958 0.8888 0.8811 67 74.26 0.88203 0.8935 0.8865 0.8787 68 75.17 0.87971 0.8913 0.8842 0.8763 69 76.08 0.87739 0.8891 0.8818 0.8738 70 76.98 0.87507 0.8869 0.8794 0.8715 71 77.86 0.87271 0.8847 0.8770 0.8690 72 78.75 0.87033 0.8824 0.8747 0.8665 73 79.62 0.86792 0.8801 0.8724 0.8641 74 80.48 0.86546 0.8778 0.8699 0.8616 75 81.34 0.86300 0.8754 0.8676 0.8592 76 82.18 0.86051 0.8729 0.8651 0.8567 77 83.02 0.85801 0.8705 0.8626 0.8542 78 83.86 0.85551 0.8680 0.8602 0.8518 79 84.68 0.85300 0.8657 0.8577 0.8494 80 85.50 0.85048 0.8634 0.8551 0.8469 81 86.31 0.84794 0.8610 0.8527 0.8446 82 87.11 0.84536 0.8585 0.8501 0.8420 83 87.90 0.84274 0.8560 0.8475 0.8394 84 88.68 0.84009 0.8535 0.8449 0.8366 85 89.45 0.83742 0.8510 0.8422 0.8340 86 90.21 0.83475 0.8483 0.8394 0.8314 87 90.97 0.83207 0.8456 0.8367 0.8286 88 91.72 0.82937 0.8428 0.8340 0.8258 89 92.46 0.82667 0.8400 0.8314 0.8230 90 93.19 0.82396 0.8374 0.8287 0.8202 91 93.92 0.82124 0.8347 0.8261 0.8174 92 94.63 0.81849 0.8320 0.8234 0.8146 93 95.33 0.81568 0.8293 0.8208 0.8118 94 96.02 0.81285 0.8266 0.8180 0.8090 95 96.70 0.80999 0.8240 0.8152 0.8062 96 97.37 0.80713 0.8212 0.8124 0.8034 97 98.04 0.80428 0.8186 0.8096 0.8005 98 98.70 0.80143 0.8158 0.8068 0.7976 99 99.35 0.79859 0.8130 0.8040 0.7948 100 100 0.792 0.8102 0.8009 0.7917 −97.8 % wtmethanol % volmethanol d 15.6 °C/4 °C d 0 °C/4 °C d 10 °C/4 °C d 20 °C/4 °C freezingtemp °C
Distillation data Vapor–liquid equilibriumof methanol/waterP = 760 mm Hg; T = 72.4 °C − 100.0 °C BPtemp.°C % by mole methanol liquid vapor 100.00 0.0 0.0 99.25 0.5840 4.5705 96.9 1.2 11.4 95.7 2.6 15.7 92.2 5.0 29.3 90.15 7.38 36.65 87.5 10.2 43.0 86.50 11.76 48.55 84.8 14.0 51.4 84.3 15.0 52.2 82.9 17.5 56.0 81.5 20.0 59.0 78.0 30.0 67.5 75.4 40.0 73.5 73.7 47.3 76.5 72.6 52.6 79.4 72.4 54.0 80.1 Vapor–liquid equilibriumof methanol/waterP = 760 mm Hg; T = 64.6 °C − 72.0 °C BPtemp.°C % by mole methanol liquid vapor 72.0 56.5 80.5 71.5 58.5 81.6 71.4 60.0 83.1 70.6 66.2 85.7 69.9 67.5 86.5 69.6 70.0 87.4 69.1 71.4 87.8 67.8 80.0 91.8 66.9 85.0 93.0 66.50 88.08 94.17 66.2 89.0 95.6 66.1 90.0 96.1 65.7 92.0 96.5 65.4 95.0 98.1 64.95 96.57 95.69 64.70 98.71 97.78 64.6 100.0 100.0 Vapor–liquid equilibriumof methanol/ethanolP = 760 mm Hg BPtemp.°C % by mole methanol liquid vapor 78.3 0.0 0.0 76.6 13.4 18.3 75.0 24.2 32.6 73.6 32.0 42.8 72.3 40.1 52.9 71.7 43.5 56.6 70.0 54.2 67.6 68.6 65.2 75.9 67.7 72.8 81.3 66.9 79.0 85.8 66.6 81.4 87.5 65.8 87.3 91.9 65.6 91.0 93.7 64.6 100.0 100.0
References
(sample table of physical properties)
External links