Events from the year 1809 in Germany.
Incumbents
Kingdoms Kingdom of Prussia Monarch – Frederick William III (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840) Kingdom of Bavaria Maximilian I (1 January 1806 – 13 October 1825) Kingdom of Saxony Frederick Augustus I (20 December 1806 – 5 May 1827) Kingdom of Württemberg Frederick I (22 December 1797 – 30 October 1816)
Grand Duchies Grand Duke of Baden Charles Frederick (25 July 1806 – 10 June 1811) Grand Duke of Hesse Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830) Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Frederick Francis I– (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837) Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Charles II (2 June 1794 – 6 November 1816) Grand Duke of Oldenburg Wilhelm (6 July 1785 –2 July 1823 ) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign. Peter I (2 July 1823 - 21 May 1829) Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809
Principalities Schaumburg-Lippe George William (13 February 1787 - 1860) Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt Friedrich Günther (28 April 1807 - 28 June 1867) Schwarzburg-Sondershausen Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 - 19 August 1835) Principality of Lippe Leopold II (5 November 1802 - 1 January 1851) Principality of Reuss-Greiz Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800-29 January 1817) Waldeck and Pyrmont Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 – 24 September 1812) Duchies Duke of Anhalt-Dessau Leopold III (16 December 1751 – 9 August 1817)J. Morley, "The Bauhaus Effect," in Social Utopias of the Twenties (Germany: Müller Bushmann press, 1995), 11. Duke of Brunswick Frederick William (16 October 1806 – 16 June 1815)Gerhard Schildt: Von der Restauration zur Reichsgründungszeit, in Horst-Rüdiger Jarck / Gerhard Schildt (eds.), Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region, Braunschweig 2000, pp. 753–766. Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Ernest I (9 December 1806 – 12 November 1826) Duke of Saxe-Meiningen Bernhard II (24 December 1803–20 September 1866) Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 – 25 March 1816)
Events
9 April – Tiroleans rise, under the command of Andreas Hofer, against French and Bavarian occupation. 14 April – Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria: Napoleon defeats Austria. 19 April – War of the Fifth Coalition – Battle of Raszyn: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the Duchy of Warsaw. Battle of Teugen-Hausen: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the French and their Bavarian allies. 21 April – Battle of Landshut 21/22 April – Battle of Eckmühl 23 April – Battle of Ratisbon 24 April – Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit 8 July – Battle of Gefrees 29/30 July – Battle of Halberstadt 1 August – Battle of Ölper Black Brunswickers established Corps Hannovera Göttingen established Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach formed from a merger and raised to a grand duchy
Births
3 February – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847) 24 February – Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel, Prussian field marshal (d. 1885) 21 February – Carl Ernst Bock, German physician and anatomist (d. 1874). 15 April – Hermann Grassmann, Prussian mathematician (d. 1877) 5 May – Frederick Langenheim, German American pioneer of panoramic photography (died 1879 23 May – Hugo von Kirchbach, Prussian general (d. 1887) 13 June – Heinrich Hoffmann, German author and children's poet (d. 1894) 20 June – Isaak August Dorner, German theologian (d. 1884) 16 July – Konstantin Bernhard von Voigts-Rhetz, Prussian general (d. 1877) 8 August – Heinrich Abeken, German theologian (d. 1872) 12 September – Julius von Bose, Prussian general (d. 1894) 10 November – David Einhorn (rabbi), German-American abolitionist (d. 12879) 20 November – Gustav Koerner, German-born revolutionary, journalist, lawyer, politician, a statesman of Illinois and Germany, Colonel of the U.S. Army (d. 1896) 30 December – Wilhelm von Tümpling, Prussian general (d. 1884)
Deaths
6 January – Johann Augustus Eberhard, German theologian, philosopher (b. 1739) 18 March – Karoline Kaulla, German banker (b. 1739) 26 April – Bernhard Schott, German music publisher (b. 1748) 1 September – Johann Friedrich August Göttling, German chemist (b. 1753) 7 September – Caroline Schelling, German scholar (b. 1763) 28 November – Jakob Heinrich Laspeyres, German lepidopterist (b. 1769)
References