Henschen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Godfrey Henschen (1601–1681), Belgian Jesuit hagiographer Helena Henschen (1940–2011), Swedish designer and writer Lars Vilhelm Henschen (1805–1885), Swedish jurist and politician Salomon Eberhard Henschen (1847–1930), Swedish doctor, professor and neurologist, son of Lars Veronique Henschen (born 1988), Luxembourgish dressage rider