Careaga is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Careaga family of California Antonio Menchaca Careaga (1921–2002), Spanish novelist and poet Alfredo Careaga (born 1942), Mexican engineer, physicist, mathematician, conservationist, and ecologist Domingo Careaga (1897–1947), Spanish footballer Enrique Careaga (1872–1936), Spanish engineer and footballer Federico Chaves Careaga (1882–1978), Paraguayan politician and soldier who served as President of Paraguay Javier Careaga (born 1967), Mexican former breaststroke swimmer Olympian Gabriel Careaga Medina (1941–2004), Spanish sociologist, academic, and essayist Gloria Careaga Pérez (born 1947), Mexican social psychologist and feminist Pilar Careaga (1908–1993) was a Spanish politician and industrial engineer. She was the first woman to be mayor Samuel Careaga (born 2002), Argentine footballer