List of Proteales of South Africa

Proteales is an order of flowering plants consisting of three (or four) families which has been recognized by almost all taxonomists. The representatives of the Proteales can be very different from each other – the order contains plants that do not look alike at all. What they have in common is seeds with little or no endosperm, and the ovules are often atropic. The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms – the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses – as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).

Two families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Platanaceae Family: Platanaceae,

Platanus Genus Platanus: Platanus × hispanica Mill. ex Münchh. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised

Proteaceae Family: Proteaceae,

Aulax Genus Aulax: Aulax cancellata (L.) Druce, endemic Aulax cneorifolia Salisb. ex Knight, accepted as Aulax umbellata (Thunb.) R.Br. indigenous Aulax pallasia Stapf, endemic Aulax pinifolia P.J.Bergius, accepted as Aulax cancellata (L.) Druce, indigenous Aulax umbellata (Thunb.) R.Br. endemic

Banksia Genus Banksia: Banksia coccinea R.Br. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised Banksia ericifolia L.f. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive Banksia ericifolia L.f. subsp. ericifolia, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive Banksia formosa (R.Br.) A.R.Mast & K.R.Thiele, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised Banksia integrifolia L.f. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive Banksia serrata L.f. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive Banksia speciosa R.Br. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive

Brabejum Genus Brabejum: Brabejum stellatifolium L. endemic

Diastella Genus Diastella: Diastella bryiflora Salisb. ex Knight, accepted as Diastella thymelaeoides (P.J.Bergius) Rourke subsp. thymelaeoides, indigenous Diastella buekii (Gand.) Rourke, endemic Diastella divaricata (P.J.Bergius) Rourke, indigenous Diastella divaricata (P.J.Bergius) Rourke subsp. divaricata, endemic Diastella divaricata (P.J.Bergius) Rourke subsp. montana Rourke, endemic Diastella ericaefolia Salisb. ex Knight, accepted as Diastella proteoides (L.) Druce, indigenous Diastella fraterna Rourke, endemic Diastella myrtifolia (Thunb.) Salisb. ex Knight, endemic Diastella parilis Salisb. ex Knight, endemic Diastella proteoides (L.) Druce, endemic Diastella serpyllifolia Salisb. ex Knight, accepted as Diastella divaricata (P.J.Bergius) Rourke subsp. montana Rourke, indigenous Diastella thymelaeoides (P.J.Bergius) Rourke, endemic Diastella thymelaeoides (P.J.Bergius) Rourke subsp. meridiana Rourke, endemic Diastella thymelaeoides (P.J.Bergius) Rourke subsp. thymelaeoides, endemic

Dryandra Genus Dryandra: Dryandra formosa R.Br. accepted as Banksia formosa (R.Br.) A.R.Mast & K.R.Thiele, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised

Faurea Genus Faurea: Faurea decipiens C.H.Wright, accepted as Faurea rochetiana (A.Rich.) Chiov. ex Pic.Serm. indigenous Faurea galpinii E.Phillips, endemic Faurea macnaughtonii E.Phillips, indigenous Faurea natalensis E.Phillips, accepted as Faurea macnaughtonii E.Phillips, indigenous Faurea recondita Rourke & V.R.Clark, endemic Faurea rochetiana (A.Rich.) Chiov. ex Pic.Serm. indigenous Faurea rochetiana (A.Rich.) Chiov. ex Pic.Serm. subsp. speciosa (Welw.) Troupin, accepted as Faurea rochetiana (A.Rich.) Chiov. ex Pic.Serm. indigenous Faurea saligna Harv. indigenous Faurea saligna Harv. subsp. xanthoneura Merxm. accepted as Faurea saligna Harv. indigenous Faurea speciosa Welw. accepted as Faurea rochetiana (A.Rich.) Chiov. ex Pic.Serm. indigenous Faurea speciosa Welw. var. lanuginosa Hiern, accepted as Faurea rochetiana (A.Rich.) Chiov. ex Pic.Serm. indigenous

Grevillea Genus Grevillea: Grevillea banksii R.Br. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive Grevillea robusta A.Cunn. ex R.Br. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive Grevillea rosmarinifolia A.Cunn. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive

Hakea Genus Hakea: Hakea acicularis (Vent.) Salisb. ex Knight, accepted as Hakea sericea Schrad. & J.C.Wendl. not indigenous, naturalised Hakea drupacea (C.F.Gaertn.) Roem. & Schult. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive Hakea gibbosa (Sm.) Cav. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive Hakea salicifolia (Vent.) B.L.Burtt, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive Hakea sericea Schrad. & J.C.Wendl. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive Hakea suaveolens R.Br. accepted as Hakea drupacea (C.F.Gaertn.) Roem. & Schult. not indigenous, naturalised Hakea victoria Drumm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised

Leucadendron Genus Leucadendron: Leucadendron album (Thunb.) Fourc. endemic Leucadendron arcuatum (Lam.) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron argenteum (L.) R.Br. endemic Leucadendron barkerae I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron bonum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron brunioides Meisn. indigenous Leucadendron brunioides Meisn. var. brunioides, endemic Leucadendron brunioides Meisn. var. flumenlupinum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron burchellii I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron cadens I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron chamelaea (Lam.) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron cinereum (Sol. ex Aiton) R.Br. endemic Leucadendron comosum (Thunb.) R.Br. indigenous Leucadendron comosum (Thunb.) R.Br. subsp. comosum, endemic Leucadendron comosum (Thunb.) R.Br. subsp. homaeophyllum (Meisn.) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron concavum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron conicum (Lam.) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron coniferum (L.) Meisn. endemic Leucadendron cordatum E.Phillips, endemic Leucadendron coriaceum E.Phillips & Hutch. endemic Leucadendron corymbosum P.J.Bergius, endemic Leucadendron cryptocephalum Guthrie, endemic Leucadendron daphnoides (Thunb.) Meisn. endemic Leucadendron diemontianum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron discolor E.Phillips & Hutch. endemic Leucadendron dregei E.Mey. ex Meisn. endemic Leucadendron dubium (H.Buek ex Meisn.) E.Phillips & Hutch. endemic Leucadendron elimense E.Phillips, indigenous Leucadendron elimense E.Phillips subsp. elimense, endemic Leucadendron elimense E.Phillips subsp. salteri I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron elimense E.Phillips subsp. vyeboomense I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron ericifolium R.Br. endemic Leucadendron eucalyptifolium H.Buek ex Meisn. endemic Leucadendron flexuosum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron floridum R.Br. endemic Leucadendron foedum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron galpinii E.Phillips & Hutch. endemic Leucadendron gandogeri Schinz ex Gand. endemic Leucadendron glaberrimum (Schltr.) Compton, indigenous Leucadendron glaberrimum (Schltr.) Compton subsp. erubescens I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron glaberrimum (Schltr.) Compton subsp. glaberrimum, endemic Leucadendron globosum (Kenn. ex Andrews) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron grandiflorum (Salisb.) R.Br. endemic Leucadendron gydoense I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron immoderatum Rourke, endemic Leucadendron lanigerum H.Buek ex Meisn. indigenous Leucadendron lanigerum H.Buek ex Meisn. var. laevigatum Meisn. endemic Leucadendron lanigerum H.Buek ex Meisn. var. lanigerum, endemic Leucadendron laureolum (Lam.) Fourc. endemic Leucadendron laxum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron levisanus (L.) P.J.Bergius, endemic Leucadendron linifolium (Jacq.) R.Br. endemic Leucadendron loeriense I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron loranthifolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron macowanii E.Phillips, endemic Leucadendron meridianum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron meyerianum H.Buek ex E.Phillips & Hutch. endemic Leucadendron microcephalum (Gand.) Gand. & Schinz, endemic Leucadendron modestum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron muirii E.Phillips, endemic Leucadendron nervosum E.Phillips & Hutch. endemic Leucadendron nitidum H.Buek ex Meisn. endemic Leucadendron nobile I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron olens I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron orientale I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron osbornei Rourke, endemic Leucadendron platyspermum R.Br. endemic Leucadendron pondoense A.E.van Wyk, endemic Leucadendron procerum (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron pubescens R.Br. endemic Leucadendron pubibracteolatum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron radiatum E.Phillips & Hutch. endemic Leucadendron remotum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron roodii E.Phillips, endemic Leucadendron rourkei I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron rubrum Burm.f. endemic Leucadendron salicifolium (Salisb.) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron salignum P.J.Bergius, endemic Leucadendron sericeum (Thunb.) R.Br. endemic Leucadendron sessile R.Br. endemic Leucadendron sheilae I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron singulare I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron sorocephalodes E.Phillips & Hutch. endemic Leucadendron spirale (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron spissifolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams, indigenous Leucadendron spissifolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams subsp. fragrans I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron spissifolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams subsp. natalense (Thode & Gilg) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron spissifolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams subsp. oribinum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron spissifolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams subsp. phillipsii (Hutch.) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron spissifolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams subsp. spissifolium, endemic Leucadendron stellare (Sims) Sweet, endemic Leucadendron stelligerum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron strobilinum (L.) Druce, endemic Leucadendron teretifolium (Andrews) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron thymifolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron tinctum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron tradouwense I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron uliginosum R.Br. indigenous Leucadendron uliginosum R.Br. subsp. glabratum I.Williams, endemic Leucadendron uliginosum R.Br. subsp. uliginosum, endemic Leucadendron verticillatum (Thunb.) Meisn. endemic Leucadendron xanthoconus (Kuntze) K.Schum. endemic

Leucospermum Genus Leucospermum: Leucospermum alpinum (Salisb. ex Knight) Rourke, accepted as Vexatorella alpina (Salisb. ex Knight) Rourke, endemic Leucospermum alpinum (Salisb. ex Knight) Rourke subsp. amoenum Rourke, accepted as Vexatorella amoena (Rourke) Rourke, endemic Leucospermum arenarium Rycroft, endemic Leucospermum bolusii Gand. endemic Leucospermum calligerum (Salisb. ex Knight) Rourke, endemic Leucospermum catherinae Compton, endemic Leucospermum conocarpodendron (L.) H.Buek, indigenous Leucospermum conocarpodendron (L.) H.Buek subsp. conocarpodendron, endemic Leucospermum conocarpodendron (L.) H.Buek subsp. viridum Rourke, endemic