List of Caryophyllales of South Africa

Caryophyllales ( ) is an order of flowering plants that includes the cacti, carnations, amaranths, ice plants, beets, and many carnivorous plants. Many members are succulent, having fleshy stems or leaves. This order is part of the core eudicots. The monophyly of the Caryophyllales has been supported by DNA sequences, cytochrome c sequence data and heritable characters such as anther wall development and vessel-elements with simple perforations.

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).

21 families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Aizoaceae

Family Aizoaceae, 169 genera have been recorded. Not all are necessarily currently accepted.

Genus Acrodon: Genus Acrosanthes: Genus Aethephyllum: Genus Aizoanthemum: Genus Aizoon: Genus Aloinopsis: Genus Amoebophyllum: Genus Amphibolia: Genus Antegibbaeum: Genus Antimima: Genus Anysocalyx: Genus Apatesia: Genus Aptenia: (synonym of Mesembryanthemum) Genus Arenifera: Genus Argeta: Genus Argyroderma: Genus Aridaria: Genus Aspazoma: Genus Astridia: Genus Bergeranthus: Genus Bijlia: Genus Braunsia: Genus Brianhuntleya: Genus Brownanthus: (synonym of Mesembryanthemum) Genus Calamophyllum: Genus Callistigma: Genus Carpanthea: Genus Carpobrotus: Genus Carruanthus: Genus Caryotophora: Genus Caulipsolon: Genus Cephalophyllum: Genus Cerochlamys: Genus Chasmatophyllum: Genus Cheiridopsis: Genus Circandra: Genus Cleretum: Genus Conicosia: Genus Conophyllum: Genus Conophytum: Genus Corpuscularia: Genus Cryophytum: Genus Cylindrophyllum: Genus Dactylopsis: Genus Deilanthe: Genus Delosperma: Genus Dicrocaulon: Genus Didymaotus: Genus Dinteranthus: Genus Diplosoma: Genus Disphyma: Genus Dorotheanthus: Genus Dracophilus: Genus Drosanthemopsis: Genus Drosanthemum: Genus Eberlanzia: Genus Ebracteola: Genus Ectotropis: Genus Enarganthe: Genus Erepsia: Genus Esterhuysenia: Genus Eurystigma: Genus Faucaria: Genus Frithia: Genus Galenia: Genus Gasoul: Genus Gibbaeum: Genus Glottiphyllum: Genus Halenbergia: Genus Hammeria: Genus Hartmanthus: Genus Hereroa: Genus Herrea: Genus Herreanthus: Genus Hydrodea: Genus Hymenogyne: Genus Ihlenfeldtia: Genus Imitaria: Genus Jacobsenia: Genus Jensenobotrya: Genus Jordaaniella: Genus Juttadinteria: Genus Kensitia: Genus Khadia: Genus Lampranthus: Genus Lapidaria: Genus Leipoldtia: Genus Lithops: Genus Litocarpus: Genus Machairophyllum: Genus Malephora: Genus Marlothistella: Genus Maughaniella: Genus Mentocalyx: Genus Mesembryanthemum: Genus Mestoklema: Genus Meyerophytum: Genus Micropterum: Genus Mitrophyllum: Genus Monilaria: Genus Mossia: Genus Muiria: Genus Namaquanthus: Genus Nananthus: Genus Nelia: Genus Neohenricia: Genus Nycteranthus: Genus Octopoma: Genus Odontophorus: Genus Oophytum: Genus Ophthalmophyllum: Genus Opophytum: Genus Orthopterum: Genus Oscularia: Genus Ottosonderia: Genus Peersia: Genus Pentacoilanthus: Genus Perapentacoilanthus: Genus Peratetracoilanthus: Genus Phiambolia: Genus Phyllobolus: Genus Platythyra: Genus Pleiospilos: Genus Plinthus: Genus Polymita: Genus Prenia: Genus Prepodesma: Genus Psammophora: Genus Pseudobrownanthus: Genus Psilocaulon: Genus Pteropentacoilanthus: Genus Rabiea: Genus Rhinephyllum: Genus Rhombophyllum: Genus Roosia: Genus Ruschia: Genus Ruschianthemum: Genus Ruschiella: Genus Saphesia: Genus Schlechteranthus: Genus Schwantesia: Genus Scopelogena : Genus Semnanthe: Genus Sesuvium: Genus Sineoperculum: Genus Skiatophytum: Genus Smicrostigma: Genus Sphalmanthus: Genus Stayneria: Genus Stoeberia: Genus Stomatium: Genus Synaptophyllum: Genus Tanquana: Genus Tetracoilanthus: Genus Tetragonia: Genus Titanopsis: Genus Trianthema: Genus Tribulocarpus: Genus Trichocyclus: Genus Trichodiadema: Genus Vanheerdea: Genus Vanzijlia: Genus Vlokia: Genus Volkeranthus: Genus Wooleya: Genus Zaleya: Genus Zeuktophyllum:

Amaranthaceae Family: Amaranthaceae,

Achyranthes Genus Achyranthes: Achyranthes aspera L. not indigenous Achyranthes aspera L. var. aspera, not indigenous Achyranthes aspera L. var. pubescens (Moq.) C.C.Towns. not indigenous Achyranthes aspera L. var. sicula L. not indigenous

Achyropsis Genus Achyropsis: Achyropsis avicularis (E.Mey. ex Moq.) T.Cooke & C.H.Wright, endemic Achyropsis leptostachya (E.Mey. ex Meisn.) Baker & C.B.Clarke, indigenous

Aerva Genus Aerva: Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult. indigenous Aerva leucura Moq. indigenous

Alternanthera Genus Alternanthera: Alternanthera caracasana Kunth, not indigenous Alternanthera nodiflora R.Br. accepted as Alternanthera sessilis (L.) DC. not indigenous Alternanthera pungens Kunth, not indigenous Alternanthera sessilis (L.) DC. not indigenous, invasive

Amaranthus Genus Amaranthus: Amaranthus blitoides S.Watson, not indigenous Amaranthus capensis Thell. indigenous Amaranthus capensis Thell. subsp. capensis, endemic Amaranthus capensis Thell. subsp. uncinatus (Thell.) Brenan, endemic Amaranthus deflexus L. not indigenous Amaranthus dinteri Schinz, indigenous Amaranthus dinteri Schinz subsp. brevipetiolatus Brenan, endemic Amaranthus dinteri Schinz subsp. dinterivar. a, indigenous Amaranthus dinteri Schinz subsp. dinterivar. b, indigenous Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell. not indigenous Amaranthus graecizans L. subsp. graecizans, not indigenous Amaranthus hybridus L. subsp. hybridus var. hybridus, not indigenous Amaranthus hybridus L. subsp. cruentus(L.) Thell. not indigenous Amaranthus hybridus L. subsp. hybridus var. erythrostachys, not indigenous Amaranthus lividus L. subsp. polygonoides (Moq.) Probst, not indigenous Amaranthus muricatus (Moq.) Hieron. not indigenous Amaranthus praetermissus Brenan, indigenous Amaranthus retroflexus L. var. retroflexus, not indigenous Amaranthus retroflexus L. var. delilei (Richt. & Loret) Thell. not indigenous Amaranthus schinzianus Thell. indigenous Amaranthus spinosus L. not indigenous Amaranthus standleyanus Parodi ex Covas, not indigenous Amaranthus thunbergii Moq. indigenous Amaranthus viridis L. not indigenous

Arthrocnemum Formerly accepted genus Arthrocnemum: Arthrocnemum indicum (Willd.) Moq., accepted as Tecticornia indica (Willd.) K.A.Sheph. & Paul G.Wilson, indigenous Arthrocnemum perenne (Mill.) Moss ex Fourc., accepted as Salicornia perennis Mill.

Atriplex Genus Atriplex: Atriplex cinerea Poir. indigenous Atriplex cinerea Poir. subsp. bolusii (C.H.Wright) Aellen var. adamsonii, indigenous Atriplex cinerea Poir. subsp. bolusii (C.H.Wright) Aellen var. genuina, not indigenous Atriplex eardleyae Aellen, not indigenous Atriplex erosa G.Bruckn. & I.Verd. endemic Atriplex hortensis L. not indigenous Atriplex inflata F.Muell. accepted as Atriplex lindleyi Moq. subsp. inflata (F.Muell.) Paul G.Wilson, not indigenous, invasive Atriplex lindleyi Moq. subsp. inflata (F.Muell.) Paul G.Wilson, not indigenous, invasive Atriplex lindleyi Moq. subsp. quadripartita Paul G.Wilson, not indigenous Atriplex littoralis L. not indigenous Atriplex muelleri Benth. not indigenous Atriplex nitens Schkuhr, not indigenous Atriplex nummularia Lindl. accepted as Atriplex nummularia Lindl. subsp. nummularia, not indigenous Atriplex nummularia Lindl. subsp. nummularia, not indigenous, invasive Atriplex patula L. indigenous Atriplex patula L. subsp. austro-africana Aellen, indigenous Atriplex patula L. subsp. verreauxii Aellen, not indigenous Atriplex rosea L. not indigenous Atriplex semibaccata R.Br. not indigenous, invasive Atriplex spongiosa F.Muell. not indigenous Atriplex suberecta I.Verd. indigenous Atriplex vestita (Thunb.) Aellen, indigenous Atriplex vestita (Thunb.) Aellen var. appendiculata Aellen, indigenous Atriplex vestita (Thunb.) Aellen var. inappendiculata Aellen, endemic

Bassia Genus Bassia: Bassia diffusa (Thunb.) Kuntze, accepted as Chenolea diffusa Thunb. indigenous Bassia dinteri (Botsch.) A.J.Scott, indigenous Bassia indica (Wight) A.J.Scott, not indigenous Bassia salsoloides (Fenzl) A.J.Scott, indigenous

Beta Genus Beta: Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris, not indigenous

Calicorema Genus Calicorema: Calicorema capitata (Moq.) Hook.f. indigenous Calicorema squarrosa (Schinz) Schinz, indigenous

Celosia Genus Celosia: Celosia argentea L. forma argentea, not indigenous Celosia nervosa C.C.Towns. endemic Celosia trigyna L. indigenous

Centema Genus Centema: Centema subfusca (Moq.) T.Cooke, indigenous

Chenolea Genus Chenolea: Chenolea convallis Snijman & J.C.Manning, endemic Chenolea diffusa Thunb. indigenous Chenolea dinteri Botsch. accepted as Bassia dinteri (Botsch.) A.J.Scott, indigenous

Chenoleoides Genus Chenoleoides: Chenoleoides dinteri (Botsch.) Botsch. accepted as Bassia dinteri (Botsch.) A.J.Scott, indigenous

Chenopodium Genus Chenopodium: Chenopodium album L. not indigenous Chenopodium ambrosioides L. accepted as Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin, not indigenous Chenopodium botryodes Sm. not indigenous Chenopodium carinatum R.Br. not indigenous Chenopodium cristatum (F.Muell.) F.Muell. accepted as Dysphania cristata (F.Muell.) Mosyakin, not indigenous Chenopodium foliosum Asch. not indigenous Chenopodium giganteum D.Don, not indigenous Chenopodium glaucum L. not indigenous Chenopodium hederiforme (Murr) Aellen, indigenous Chenopodium hederiforme (Murr) Aellen var. dentatum Aellen, indigenous Chenopodium hederiforme (Murr) Aellen var. undulatum Aellen, indigenous Chenopodium hircinum Schrad. not indigenous Chenopodium mucronatum Thunb. indigenous Chenopodium multifidum L. accepted as Dysphania multifida (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants, not indigenous Chenopodium murale L. var. murale, not indigenous Chenopodium olukondae (Murr) Murr, indigenous Chenopodium opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz var. opulifolium, not indigenous Chenopodium petiolariforme (Aellen) Aellen, indigenous Chenopodium phillipsianum Aellen, not indigenous Chenopodium polyspermum L. not indigenous Chenopodium pumilio R.Br. not indigenous Chenopodium schraderianum Roem. & Schult. not indigenous Chenopodium sericeum (Aiton) Spreng. accepted as Chenolea diffusa Thunb. indigenous Chenopodium stellulatum (Benth.) Aellen, not indigenous Chenopodium x bontei Aellen, not indigenous

Cyathula Genus Cyathula: Cyathula cylindrica Moq. indigenous Cyathula cylindrica Moq. var. cylindrica, indigenous Cyathula lanceolata Schinz, indigenous Cyathula natalensis Sond. indigenous Cyathula orthacantha (Hochst. ex Asch.) Schinz, indigenous