The Mao Kun map is a set of navigation charts published in the Ming dynasty military treatise Wubei Zhi. It depicts the geography of eastern China, southeast and southern Asia, Arabia, and eastern Africa. Along the way, it includes Chinese labels of 570 islands, towns, and other places.
Some locations in China are easily identified, as their names have not changed over the centuries. Farther west, the identity of locations marked on the map become more difficult to determine. This list includes the most likely candidates for each map label. This list has been largely produced based on the findings by J.V.G Mills and published in 1970. However, in the last fifty years and especially in the last thirty years, Chinese, Asian and African historians have accessed new archaeological, archival and ethnographic data that has found some of these Mills' toponyms to be changed.
Yangtze River
Label Pinyin Translation Location Country/Province Page 菜園 láiyuán vegetable garden oil and hemp for shipbuilding Jiangsu 1 自寶船廠開船從龍江關出水直抵外國諸番圖 Zì bǎochuánchǎng kāi chuán cóng lóngjiāng guān chūshuǐ zhídǐ wàiguó zhū fān tú Sailing from the Treasure-Ship Shipyard, departing from Longjiang Channel to various foreign countries -- -- 1 太子州 Dàqiānzhōu Heir Apparent Island Jiangxin Island Jiangsu 1 五屑橋 (瓦屑橋) Wǔxièqiáo Five Fragments Bridge (Tile Fragments Bridge) near Jiangdongmen? Jiangsu 1 寶船廠 Bǎochuánchǎng Treasure-Ship Shipyard Zheng_He#Treasure_Shipyard_excavation Jiangsu 1 石城橋 Shíchéngqiáo Stone Wall Bridge Hanximen Jiangsu 1 龍江關 Longjiangguan Dragon River Passage Xiaguan Jiangsu 1 段腰 Duànyāo Segment Waist sandbar northeast of Jiangxin Jiangsu 1 抽分廠 Chōufēnchǎng "Extract Fraction" Factory Tax Depot Jiangsu 1 宣課司 Xuānkèsī Propaganda Department near Longjiang Road? Jiangsu 1 水西橋 Shuǐxīqiáo Water West Gate Sanshan Gate Jiangsu 1 淨海寺 Jìnghǎisì Temple of Calm Seas Jinghai Temple Jiangsu 1 天妃宮 Tiānfēigōng Temple of the Celestial Spouse Tianfei Temple Jiangsu 1 祭祀壇 jìsìtán sacrificial altar outside Jinchuan Gate Jiangsu 1 獅子山 Shīzishān Lion Mountain Shizishan Jiangsu 1 水驛 shuǐyì maritime post office riverside, outside Jinchuan Gate Jiangsu 1 浦子口 Pǔzǐkou Riverside Mouth Pukou Jiangsu 2 皇城 Huángchéng Imperial City Ming Palace Jiangsu 2 中和橋 Zhōnghéqiáo Center Sum Bridge Zhonghe Bridge Jiangsu 2 復城橋 Fùchéngqiáo Reply City Bridge Fuchengli Jiangsu 2 天地壇 Tiāndìtán Altar of Heaven and Earth outside Guanghuamen Jiangsu 2 鐘山 Zhōngshān Bell Mountain Purple Mountain Jiangsu 2 石灰山 Shíhuīshān Lime Mountain Mufushan Jiangsu 2 通江橋 Tōngjiāngqiáo Through River Bridge outside the gate of Zhuojinshang, wher Baobanchang Shipbuilding Lake once was Jiangsu 2 方山 Fāngshān Square Mountain Fangshan Jiangsu 2 靈山橋 Língshānqiáo Spirit Mountain Bridge Lingshangen Village Jiangsu 2 覬音山 Jìyīnshān Coveted Sound Mountain Badou Mountain? Jiangsu 2 觀音門 Guānyīnmén Observed Sound Mountain Guanyin Gate Jiangsu 2 燕子磯 Yànzijī Swallow Rock Yanziji Village Jiangsu 2 龍潭 Lóngtán Dragon Pond Longtan Street, Qixia District Jiangsu 2 斬龍廟 Zhǎnlóngmiào Beheaded Dragon Temple Qingshan riverside Jiangsu 3 高子港 Gāozǐgǎng Tall Child Port Gaozi Jiangsu 3 礬山 Fánshān Alum Mountain Yanshan Jiangsu 3 天寧州 Tiānníngzhōu Island of Heavenly Peace Jing'an Residential District Jiangsu 3 儀真 Yízhēn Instrument of Truth Yizhen Jiangsu 3 鎮江 Zhènjiāng Town River Zhenjiang Town Jiangsu 3 金山 Jīnshān Gold Mountain Jinshan Jiangsu 3 丹徒 Dāntú Red Only Dantu Town Jiangsu 3 瓜洲 Guāzhōu Melon Island Guazhou Jiangsu 3 焦山 Jiāoshān Burnt Mountain Jiaoshan Jiangsu 3 大港 Dàgǎng Big Harbor Dagang Port Area Jiangsu 3 圌山 Chuíshān Round Mountain Chuishan Jiangsu 4 江陰縣 Jiāngyīnxiàn River Shade County Jiangyin Jiangsu 4 石牌灣 Shípáiwān Stone Plate Bay Baiqu Port Jiangsu 4 淺沙 qiǎnshā shallow shoals Jiangsu 4 香山 Xiāngshān Fragrant Hill Fragrance Hill Scenic Area Jiangsu 4 西鞋山 Xīxiéshān West Boot Island Gushanzhen Jiangsu 4 天妃宫 Tiānfēigōng Temple of the Celestial Spouse Huangtian Port Jiangsu 4 東鞋山 Dōngxiéshān East Boot Island Jiangsu 4 巡司 xúnsī inspectorate Jiangsu 4 石頭港 Shítougǎng Stone Head Port Zhangjiagang Jiangsu 4 龍王廟 Lóngwángmiào Dragon King Temple Kunshan Jiangsu 5 巡司 xúnsī inspectorate Jiangsu 5 蔡港 Càigǎng Weedy Port near Meili Village? Jiangsu 5 白茅港 Báimáogǎng White Thatch Port Baimaokou Jiangsu 5 福山廟 Fúshānmiào Fortune Mountain Temple Fushan Temple Jiangsu 5 太倉衛 Tàicāngwèi Supreme Warehouse Guard Taicang Jiangsu 5 宝山 Bǎoshān Treasure Mountain Baoshan Shanghai 5 天妃宫 Tiānfēigōng Temple of the Celestial Spouse Tianfei Palace in Liuhe Jiangsu 6 崇明州 Chóngmíngzhōu Worship Bright Island Chongming Island Shanghai 6 吳淞江 Wúsōngjiāng variation of Pine River Huangpu River Shanghai 6 淺沙 qiǎnshā shallow sand Shanghai 6 胡椒沙 hújiāoshā peppery sand Shanghai 6 招寶山 Zhāobǎoshān Recruit Treasure Mountain in Gaoqiao, formerly part of Baoshan County Shanghai 6 青村所 Qīngcūnsuǒ Green Village Battalion Qingcun Town Shanghai 6 銖翎沙 Zhūlíngshā Cent Feathers Sand Shanghai 6 南匯嘴 Nánhuìzuǐ South Exchange Mouth Nanhuizui Shanghai 6
China Coast