Subic, Zambales

Subic, officially the Municipality of Subic (; , Kapampangan: Balen ning Subic), is a Municipality in the Province of Zambales, Philippines. According to the , it has a population of people.

Etymology The native Zambales inhabitants called the area Hubek, which means "head of a plough"; Spanish missionary priests mispronounced the name as Subiq. By the time of the American occupation, "Subiq" was mispronounced as Subig. Eventually, the name reverted to "Subiq", but the letter 'q' was replaced with 'c'.

History Spanish colonial era In 1572, Juan de Salcedo, the Mexico-born Spanish conquistador and grandson of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, founded Zambales during his exploration of northern Luzon.. Zambales Now, Official Website of Zambales. Retrieved on 2012-05.24.** The year of 1542 in the founding of Subic is a misprint and should be the year 1572 like in Botolan, for Salcedo was born in 1549. Subic was founded in late 1607 by Augustinian friars headed by Rev. Fr. Rodrigo de San Miguel, and the natives in Subic were Christianized under Spanish rule.

In 1884 that declared Subic as "a naval port and the property appertaining there to set aside for naval purposes." Construction of an arsenal and ship repair yard ensued March 8 the following year, as ordered by the new settlers' Naval Commission. During the Philippine Revolution, a fleet led by the Cuban-Filipino Admiral Vicente Catalan seized the naval base at Subic from the Spanish for the First Philippine Republic. Subic Bay's potential as naval station was realized by the Americans. Commodore George Dewey and his men engaged in a battle that destroyed the Spanish Army in 1898, and the Americans took over Subic Bay on December 10, 1899.

British invasion In September 1762, the British invaded the Philippines and took over the Spanish main naval base in Manila Bay. This prompted the Spanish military to scout for the next promising naval station. The expedition returned with the good news for the naval command - a natural bounty and deep waters at Subic Bay.

American colonial era The Americans designated the Subic Bay area as a repair and supply naval base site in 1901. Two years later, US President Theodore Roosevelt declared of land in Subic as a military reservation area; or more than half of Subic's land area at the time.

Japanese occupation Subic, along with the Olongapo area suffered significant damage during World War II and was repurposed by the Imperial Japanese Army as their own base during the Japanese occupation.

Philippine independence After World War II, Olongapo, a barrio of Subic that forms part of the US Military Reservations in the Subic area, was turned over to the Philippine government. Olongapo was converted to a municipality independent from Subic town through Executive Order No. 366 issued by President Carlos P. Garcia on December 7, 1959.

Geography

Subic is located along the northern coast of Subic Bay. Portions of the town also form part of the Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone.

Subic is from Iba, from Olongapo, and from Manila.

Barangays Subic is politically subdivided into 16 barangays, as shown below. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

Aningway-Sacatihan Asinan (Poblacion) Asinan Proper Baraca-Camachile (Poblacion) Batiawan Calapacuan Calapandayan (Poblacion) Cawag Ilwas (Poblacion) Mangan-Vaca Matain Naugsol Pamatawan San Isidro Santo Tomas Wawandue (Poblacion)

Climate Subic has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen Am). Subic's climate is no different from the other towns in the western part of Luzon where rainy season runs from May to October, while the dry season is from November to April. The wettest month of the year is July with average monthly rainfall more than and the driest month is February with average monthly rainfall less than . The highest ever recorded temperature in the area is and the lowest is . The annual average temperature in the city is .

Government

Chief executives

This is the complete list of municipal leaders such as Mayor and Presidente Municipal since it became a municipality in 1902.

Name Term Position Placido dela Paz 1902 – 1904 Presidente Municipal Salustiano Ponco 1905 – 1908 Nicetas Lesaca 1908 – 1910 Jorge Salang 1911 – 1913 Jose Orozco Sr. 1914 – 1916 Juan Juico 1917 – 1919 Esteban Felicitas 1920 – 1922 Municipal Mayor Pedro del Rosario Alfredo de Perio Sr. 1923 – 1931 Numeriano Flores 1932 – 1940 Cecilio Esteban 1941 – 1943 Severino Salang 1944 – 1946 Alfredo de Perio Jr. Leopoldo Lauzares 1947 – 1948 Jose de Perio Sr. 1948 – 1951 Alfredo Afable 1952 – 1955 Cecilio Panaligan 1956 – November 1959 Dangal Guevara June 30, 1960 – 1986 Manuel M. Molina Jr. 1986 Municipal Mayor (1st term) Segundino Sandoval Municipal Mayor Manuel M. Molina Jr. 1986 – June 30, 1998 Municipal Mayor (2nd term) Enrique F. Delgado 1998 Municipal Mayor Leonardo 'Boy' Guevara 1998 – June 30, 2001 Jeffrey D. Khonghun June 30, 2001 – June 30, 2010 Jefferson F. Khonghun June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2019 Jonathan John F. Khonghun June 30, 2019 – present

Demographics

In the 2024 census, the population of Subic was 116,788 people, with a density of .

Economy

A part of the town of Subic is within the jurisdiction of the Subic Freeport Zone, which is managed by the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority. The revenue earned by the special economic zone is shared by seven municipalities, including Subic town, and the City of Olongapo.

Infrastructure Transportation Roads

The primary road that connects Subic to the other parts of the town is the Olongapo–Bugallon Road. Most of the names of Subic's streets are based on the surnames of prominent residents or names of plants. Most of the roads in Subic are made of concrete and asphalt while others are still made of dirt.

Bypass roads such as the Govic Highway are also commonly used by motorists to travel from Barangay Matain to Barangay Manggahan. The roads are meant to reduce traffic in the town proper and are used by trucks going north of Castillejos and vice versa.

Another main road is the Philseco Road that ends from Barangay Asinan proper down to Seatrium Subic Shipyard (formerly Keppel Subic Shipyard and Philippine Shipyard and Engineering Corporation). The Govic Highway Extension runs from Castillejos down to Hanjin Shipyard and is exclusively used by its workers.

Public Utilities Electricity Electricity services are provided by the cooperative-run Zambales II Electric Cooperative, Inc. (ZAMECO II) which covers an area from Subic all the way to Cabangan since 1972.

Water Water services are provided by Subic Water District (SWD), not to be confused with Subic Water and Sewerage Company (Subic Water), which is a different water distribution company serving the neighboring city of Olongapo.

Education The Subic Schools District Office governs all educational institutions within the municipality. It oversees the management and operations of all private and public, from primary to secondary schools.

Most of private schools are operated by Catholic except for colleges.

Primary and elementary schools

Agusuhin Elementary School Agusuhin Elementary School (Annex) Aningway-Sacatihan Elementary School Aningway-Sacatihan Elementary School (Annex) Batiawan Elementary School Annex Calapacuan Elementary School Cawag Elementary School Cawag Resettlement Elementary School Ilwas Elementary School Josephine F. Khonghun Special Education Center Kingsway Kiddie Learning Center Manggahan Elementary School Mangan-Vaca Elementary School Mapanao Elementary School Matain Elementary School Nagyantok Elementary School Pag-asa New Light Christian School P. O. C. Christian Academy Saint Francis Learning Center Foundation Saint Francis Learning Center Foundation (Annex) Saint Therese Academy San Isidro Elementary School Smart Achievers Academy St. Anne School St. Anthony's School of Matain St. James School of Subic Sta. Monica Educational Center for Excellence Sto. Tomas Elementary School Subic Central School Subic Ecumenical Learning Center Tibag Elementary School

Secondary schools

Subic National High School Santo Tomas National High School Cawag High School (Resettlement School) Josephine F. Khonghun Special Education Center Agusuhin High School Nagyantok High School San Isidro High School Ilwas High School Aningway-Sacatihan High School Batiawan Integrated School Cabitaugan Integrated School Kinabuksan Integrated School Naugsol Integrated School Pamatawan Integrated School Calapandayan Intergrated School College of Subic Montessori Smart Achievers Academy Subic St. James School St. Anthony's School

Higher educational institutions

Best Freeport College College of Subic Montessori Kolehiyo ng Subic (Public College) Metro Subic College

Subic, Zambales

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