The avian family Laridae comprises the skimmers, noddies, terns, kittiwakes, and gulls. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) accepts these 104 species in Laridae, distributed among three subfamilies and 22 genera.
This list is presented according to the IOC taxonomic sequence and can also be sorted alphabetically by common name and binomial.
Common nameBinomial nameIOC sequenceAfrican skimmerRynchops flavirostris Vieillot, 18161Indian skimmerRynchops albicollis Swainson, 18382Black skimmerRynchops niger Linnaeus, 17583White ternGygis alba (Sparrman, 1786)4Brown noddyAnous stolidus (Linnaeus, 1758)5Lesser noddyAnous tenuirostris (Temminck, 1823)6Black noddyAnous minutus Boie, F, 18447Grey noddyAnous albivitta (Bonaparte, 1856)8Blue noddyAnous ceruleus (Bennett, FD, 1840)9Aleutian ternOnychoprion aleuticus (Baird, SF, 1869)10Sooty ternOnychoprion fuscatus (Linnaeus, 1766)11Bridled ternOnychoprion anaethetus (Scopoli, 1786)12Spectacled ternOnychoprion lunatus (Peale, 1849)13Little ternSternula albifrons (Pallas, 1764)14Saunders's ternSternula saundersi (Hume, 1877)15Least ternSternula antillarum Lesson, RP, 184716Yellow-billed ternSternula superciliaris (Vieillot, 1819)17Peruvian ternSternula lorata (Philippi & Landbeck, 1861)18Fairy ternSternula nereis Gould, 184319Damara ternSternula balaenarum Strickland, 185320Large-billed ternPhaetusa simplex (Gmelin, JF, 1789)21Gull-billed ternGelochelidon nilotica (Gmelin, JF, 1789)22Australian ternGelochelidon macrotarsa (Gould, 1837)23Caspian ternHydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770)24Inca ternLarosterna inca (Lesson, RP & Garnot, 1827)25Whiskered ternChlidonias hybrida (Pallas, 1811)26Black-fronted ternChlidonias albostriatus (Gray, GR, 1845)27Black ternChlidonias niger (Linnaeus, 1758)28White-winged ternChlidonias leucopterus (Temminck, 1815)29River ternSterna aurantia Gray, JE, 183130Forster's ternSterna forsteri Nuttall, 183431Snowy-crowned ternSterna trudeaui Audubon, 183832Arctic ternSterna paradisaea Pontoppidan, 176333South American ternSterna hirundinacea Lesson, RP, 183134Antarctic ternSterna vittata Gmelin, JF, 178935Kerguelen ternSterna virgata Cabanis, 187536Common ternSterna hirundo Linnaeus, 175837White-cheeked ternSterna repressa Hartert, EJO, 191638Black-naped ternSterna sumatrana Raffles, 182239Roseate ternSterna dougallii Montagu, 181340White-fronted ternSterna striata Gmelin, JF, 178941Black-bellied ternSterna acuticauda Gray, JE, 183142Sandwich ternThalasseus sandvicensis (Latham, 1787)43Cabot's ternThalasseus acuflavidus (Cabot, S, 1847)44Elegant ternThalasseus elegans (Gambel, 1849)45Lesser crested ternThalasseus bengalensis (Lesson, RP, 1831)46West African crested ternThalasseus albididorsalis (Hartert, EJO, 1921)47Royal ternThalasseus maximus (Boddaert, 1783)48Greater crested ternThalasseus bergii (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823)49Chinese crested ternThalasseus bernsteini (Schlegel, 1863)50Swallow-tailed gullCreagrus furcatus (Néboux, 1842)51Little gullHydrocoloeus minutus (Pallas, 1776)52Ross's gullRhodostethia rosea (MacGillivray, W, 1824)53Black-legged kittiwakeRissa tridactyla (Linnaeus, 1758)54Red-legged kittiwakeRissa brevirostris (Bruch, 1855)55Ivory gullPagophila eburnea (Phipps, 1774)56Sabine's gullXema sabini (Sabine, 1819)57Saunders's gullSaundersilarus saundersi Swinhoe, 187158Slender-billed gullChroicocephalus genei (Brème, 1839)59Bonaparte's gullChroicocephalus philadelphia (Ord, 1815)60Silver gullChroicocephalus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826)61Black-billed gullChroicocephalus bulleri (Hutton, FW, 1871)62Andean gullChroicocephalus serranus (Tschudi, 1844)63Brown-hooded gullChroicocephalus maculipennis (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823)67Black-headed gullChroicocephalus ridibundus (Linnaeus, 1766)65Brown-headed gullChroicocephalus brunnicephalus (Jerdon, 1840)66Grey-headed gullChroicocephalus cirrocephalus (Vieillot, 1818)67Hartlaub's gullChroicocephalus hartlaubii (Bruch, 1855)68Grey gullLeucophaeus modestus (Tschudi, 1843)69Dolphin gullLeucophaeus scoresbii (Traill, 1823)70Laughing gullLeucophaeus atricilla (Linnaeus, 1758)71Franklin's gullLeucophaeus pipixcan (Wagler, 1831)72Lava gullLeucophaeus fuliginosus (Gould, 1841)73Pallas's gullIchthyaetus ichthyaetus (Pallas, 1773)74Relict gullIchthyaetus relictus (Lönnberg, 1931)75Audouin's gullIchthyaetus audouinii (Payraudeau, 1826)76Mediterranean gullIchthyaetus melanocephalus (Temminck, 1820)77Sooty gullIchthyaetus hemprichii (Bruch, 1855)78White-eyed gullIchthyaetus leucophthalmus (Temminck, 1825)79Pacific gullLarus pacificus Latham, 180180Belcher's gullLarus belcheri Vigors, 182981Black-tailed gullLarus crassirostris Vieillot, 181882Olrog's gullLarus atlanticus Olrog, 195883Heermann's gullLarus heermanni Cassin, 185284Common gullLarus canus Linnaeus, 175885Short-billed gullLarus brachyrhynchus Richardson, 183186Ring-billed gullLarus delawarensis Ord, 181587Yellow-footed gullLarus livens Dwight, 191988Western gullLarus occidentalis Audubon, 183989Caspian gullLarus cachinnans Pallas, 181190Kelp gullLarus dominicanus Lichtenstein, MHC, 182391European herring gullLarus argentatus Pontoppidan, 176392Vega gullLarus vegae Palmén, 188793Mongolian gullLarus mongolicus Sushkin, 192594Yellow-legged gullLarus michahellis Naumann, JF, 184095Armenian gullLarus armenicus Buturlin, 193496Great black-backed gullLarus marinus Linnaeus, 175897Glaucous gullLarus hyperboreus Gunnerus, 176798Lesser black-backed gullLarus fuscus Linnaeus, 175899California gullLarus californicus Lawrence, 1854100American herring gullLarus smithsonianus Coues, 1862101Glaucous-winged gullLarus glaucescens Naumann, JF, 1840102Slaty-backed gullLarus schistisagus Stejneger, 1884103Iceland gullLarus glaucoides Meyer, B, 1822104
References