Lichtenau may refer to:
In Germany:
Towns and municipalities: Hessisch Lichtenau Lichtenau, Baden-Württemberg Lichtenau, Bavaria Lichtenau, Saxony Lichtenau, Westphalia
Villages Lichtenau, Lübbenau
Rivers Lichtenau (river), Thuringia
In Austria: Towns and municipalities: Lichtenau im Mühlkreis Lichtenau im Waldviertel
In Greenland: Alluitsoq, a former settlement previously known as Lichtenau
In Czech Republic: Lichkov, German name Lichtenau, a village
In the United States: Lichtenau, Ohio, a ghost town
People with that name Konrad of Lichtenau (died 1240), medieval German chronicler from Swabia Heinrich von Lichtenau (1444–1517), Prince-Bishop of Augsburg Wilhelmine, Gräfin von Lichtenau (1753–1820 in Berlin), official mistress of King Frederick William II of Prussia