After the rapid deterioration of the overall situation in the city in the course of the previous months of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests, a degree of calming of the protests occurred in December 2019. This was due to several factors. One was an initial expectation of the protesters and their supporters that the government would finally offer concessions on the Five Demands – apart from the withdrawn extradition bill – after the resounding defeat of the pro-establishment camp in the District Council Elections on 24 November, which had dealt a blow to government rhetoric about its public support. The mass protests on 8 December were largely an expression of dissatisfaction that these concessions had not been forthcoming. Another factor seen as responsible for the decrease in the size of the protests was that the arrests during the Siege of Polytechnic University had thinned the ranks of the protesters.
With the Christmas season, protests increasingly moved into shopping malls. Police continued to draw condemnation for their tactics, which were widely seen as disproportionate. In a Facebook post on Christmas Day, Chief Executive Carrie Lam accused "a group of reckless and selfish rioters" of having "ruined" Christmas Eve celebrations for many locals and tourists.
Events 1 December: March Around 200 people marched from Edinburgh Place to the government headquarters protesting against police use of tear gas. Many of the group carried yellow balloons. The demonstration was peaceful.
Hundreds of people marched along Lower Albert Road to just below the US consulate, to thank President Donald Trump for signing the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act. Some were wearing Trump masks. Police had barred them from going up Garden Road.
In Chater Garden there was a march, with some holding US national flags and placards calling on President Trump to "make Hong Kong great again".
Tens of thousands of people gathered for anti-government protesters in Tsim Sha Tsui at the clock tower to march to the Hong Kong Coliseum in Hung Hom, with protesters blocking the road. The protesters chanted "" and other slogans. By around 6.30 pm most of the protesters and police had dispersed.
Masked people in Whampoa smashed traffic lights and restaurants which apparently threatened the protest movement. A large group of unmasked people had earlier gathered to heckle and mock police officers for several hours. Bricks and other debris were thrown all over the road in a bid to block traffic and barricades were used to block Hung Hom Road and Tak Man Street.
In Mong Kok protesters set up a makeshift road block and set it on fire.
2 December More than two dozen people outside Immigration Tower protested the detention and deportation of an Indonesian helper who had been active at protest sites. The government claimed she did not extend her two-year visa, while protestors contended she had forgotten, and suggested she be given a second chance, as visa violators sometimes are.
4 December About 30 people gathered in Cheung Sha Wan business district chanting slogans. The crowd grew to about 100 people at its peak.
6 December
Thousands of people took part in a rally in Central against the widespread use of tear gas by police during protests across Hong Kong. A solidarity protest of dozens of secondary school students from different schools took place in Kwai Tsing.
8 December: Mass protest
A huge march, organised by the Civil Human Rights Front, marched from Victoria Park to Central. Riot police were on standby outside the Central Market to stop protesters from moving further west. They also deployed a water cannon truck, and warned on social media that they would apply a zero-tolerance policy towards any violent or otherwise illegal acts.
Some protesters carried British and British Hong Kong flags, placards demanding full democracy or "Five Demands, Not One Less". One protester was dressed as Winnie the Pooh to mock Communist Party general secretary Xi Jinping. Many protesters expressed anger because the Chief Executive, Carrie Lam, and Beijing have ruled out any further concessions despite the landslide defeat in District Council elections.
Fires were set at the entrances to the High Court and the Court of Final Appeal. Shops, restaurants and banks deemed pro-Beijing were also vandalised during the protest.
The Civil Human Rights Front (CHRF) said 800,000 people took part but police put the peak at 183,000 people.
The convener of the CHRF, Jimmy Sham, denounced the police for instigating fear and terror among the protesters. The police were reported to have raised the 'black flag' (which signifies that tear gas will be deployed) before the march started.
11 December Over a hundred people gathered outside the British Consulate General in Admiralty urging the UK government to act in support of the protest movement. They called on the UK to terminate the Sino-British Joint Declaration, saying this would mean Beijing no longer had sovereignty over the city and to rejoin the Commonwealth. The rally organiser said they handed a petition to a representative of the consulate – just hours ahead of the general election.
This follows John Bercow former Speaker of The House saying "For the international community, and especially Britain, it is clear: Hong Kong is the new frontline in the struggle for freedom".
12 December A crowd of 58,000 protesters gathered at Edinburgh Place, in Central, to mark six months since the protests on 12 June. The protesters said they will continue their fight until their five demands are met, and will not distance themselves from more radical protesters.
A hill-top vertical protest banner was hung by Hong Kong citizens on Beacon Hill today to support the protest. This vertical protest banner seemed to be the same yellow vertical protest banner "Citizens' Faces Masked, Carrie Lam's Heart Enshrouded" (「市民蒙面林鄭蒙心」) used on 19 October.
14 December: Foiled bomb plots Several dozen people staged a rally outside the British consulate calling on London to declare that the Sino-British Joint Declaration is no longer valid. The demonstrators, some waving British and colonial flags, said "such a move would allow Hong Kong people to decide their own future".
In 2017, the Foreign Ministry in Beijing declared that the joint declaration no longer had any realistic meaning and it was merely an historical document, while the British government insisted that the treaty had remained in force – a point it made again shortly after the current protests began in June, when it also demanded that Beijing continue to abide by the agreement.
On 14 December, the Hong Kong Police also released a statement that a second bomb plot within a week had been foiled and three men had been arrested in Tuen Mun, on suspicion of testing explosive devices and chemicals. The homemade, remote-controlled devices were intended for use at mass protests. Protective gear, shields, bulletproof vests and gas masks were also recovered at the scene.
The police also released a statement stating they had arrested three males and two females aged 15 to 18 on suspicion of Luo Changqing's murder earlier in November, as well as rioting and wounding. Luo was a 70-year-old man hit by a brick while observing a conflict between protesters and government supporters, who were throwing bricks at one another.
15 December More than 200 people gathered in Edinburgh Place in Central on Sunday to rally support for a planned three-day strike by the social welfare sector. Organisers said the strike – due to run from 17 to 19 December – "is necessary to inspire others to rethink the impact of the industrial action and whether the move can prevent youngsters from risking their lives and future fighting in the front line of protests".
Large crowds of people lined up in Admiralty to pay their respects to a man who fell to his death six months ago. Marco Leung died on 15 June after hanging banners bearing slogans against the now-withdrawn extradition bill, shortly after Carrie Lam had announced that the legislation was being suspended. He had fallen from a high platform, missing a huge inflated cushion set up on the ground by firefighters. People came with candles and flowers to the spot where he died, some holding placards echoing some of Leung's final words, like "We are not rioters."
A protest turned violent at a Sha Tin mall as black-clad demonstrators vandalised restaurants, smashed up glass barriers, and confronted people with apparently conflicting opinions at the New Town Plaza shopping centre. A woman was spray-painted in the face and another fell down, after apparently trying to stop demonstrators from spraying graffiti at the shopping mall.
16 December Protesters in Mong Kok dug up bricks and scattered them on the road, set a number of small fires in the area, smashed up some traffic lights and threw objects at the police. This prompting police to fire tear gas. A reporter was pepper-sprayed, beaten with batons and pushed up against a wall before the police let him go.
17 December People from the social work sector began a three-day strike to try to pressure the government into responding to the five demands of the protest movement. Around 200 people gathered at Edinburgh Place in Central for the first of a series of events. Participants folded yellow paper helmets to symbolise that social workers feel unable to properly protect young people.
19 December Several hundred people joined a social welfare sector protest calling on the international community to intervene in the "humanitarian crisis" in Hong Kong. The protesters started their approved rally in Wan Chai, and marched to nine different consulates while chanting slogans like "five demands, not one less" and "liberate Hong Kong, revolution of our times". Police were on standby along the route as the demonstrators passed petition letters to consular representatives.
20 December
On 20 December, acting on intelligence from the 14 December raid, the Hong Kong Police had an arrest warrant for a 19-year-old suspect wanted on suspicion of firearms offences related to the protest. Upon intercepting the suspect in a residential estate in Tai Po, the man fired one live round at the police from a semi-automatic P80 pistol. During the arrest, protesters attempted to hinder the police and help the suspect escape. The police responded with tear gas.
During a follow-up flat raid, police seized an AR-15 rifle with 211 rounds of ammunition—61 rounds in a speedloader and the rest in five magazines. According to the police statement, the firearms and ammunition found was related to a plot to use the weapons during public assemblies.
At the same time, four people from the Spark Alliance, a group providing financial aid and bail money to protesters, were arrested on suspicion of money laundering, and were shortly released on bail. Officers seized over HK$130,000 in cash, HK$165,000 worth of supermarket coupons, and froze over HK$70 million in funds and insurance products.