RPU may refer to:
RAID processing unit, chip used for RAID calculations Radio Processing Unit (Baseband processor), for digital radio connectivity Ray Processing Unit, component of ray-tracing hardware Refrigerant Pumping Unit Remote pickup unit, a radio link used to send program content such as news reporting to a broadcast center Reprocessed uranium Revenue per unit Right of perpetual usufruct, public ground lease in Poland Rigid Polyurethane, a type of plastic Roads Policing Unit, the motorway and trunk-road police unit of a British police force