The Yaglakar clan was the first imperial clan of the Uyghur Khaganate. Descendants of the Yaglakar clan would later establish the Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom.
Origin The clan was named after a mythical founder Yaglakar Khan or Buk Khan (卜可汗). Initially a part of the Tiele Confederation, they later carried the hereditary title elteber as subjects of the Tang dynasty. The first known member of the clan was Tegin Irkin (特健俟斤 *dək̚-ɡɨɐnH ʒɨX-kɨn > Tèjiàn Sìjīn).
Chiefs of the clan NameChinese nameReignNotesTegin Irkin特健俟斤/時健俟斤Lady Wuluohun (烏羅渾)Yaoluoge Pusa 藥羅葛菩薩?–629He was allied to the Xueyantuo to fight the Eastern Turkic Khaganate Defeated Yukuk ShadYaoluoge Tumidu藥羅葛吐迷度647–648Submitted to the Tang, was made Commander of the Hanhai Area CommandYaoluoge Wuhe藥羅葛烏紇648Murdered his uncle Tumidu, was a son-in-law of Chebi KhanYaoluoge Porun藥羅葛婆閏648–662Made chief by Cui Dunli on the order of Emperor Taizong of TangYaoluoge Bisidu藥羅葛比粟毒662–680Rebelled against Emperor Gaozong of Tang, executed by Qibi HeliYaoluoge Dujiezhi藥羅葛獨解支680–695Son of BisiduYaoluoge Fudifu藥羅葛伏帝匐695–719Son of Dujiezhi, was made Vice Military Commissioner of Hexi in 715Yaoluoge Chengzong藥羅葛承宗719–727Son of Fudifu, exiled to the Second Turkic KhaganateYaoluoge Fudinan藥羅葛伏帝難727Commander of the Hanhai Area CommandYaoluoge Hushu藥羅葛護輸727Killed Jiedushi Wang Junchuo (王君㚟) and wounded Niu Xianke in 727Yaoluoge Yibiaobi藥羅葛逸标苾727–744Founded the Uyghur Khaganate
Khagans Personal NameTurkic titleChinese titleReignYaoluoge YibiaobiQutlugh Bilge Köl QaghanHuairen Khagan (怀仁可汗)744–747Yaoluoge MoyanchuoTengrida Bolmish El Etmish Bilge QaghanYingwu Weiyuan Pijia Qaghan (英武威遠毗伽闕可汗)747–759Yaoluoge YidijianTengrida Qut Bolmish El Tutmish Alp Külüg Bilge QaghanYingyi Qaghan (英義可汗)759–780Yaoluoge DunmoheAlp Qutlugh Bilge QaghanWuyi Chenggong Qaghan (武義成功可汗) Changshou Tianqin Qaghan (長壽天親可汗)780–789Yaoluoge DuoluosiKulug Bilge QaghanZhongzhen Qaghan (忠貞可汗)789–790Yaoluoge AchuoQutluq Bilge QaghanFengcheng Qaghan (奉誠可汗)790–795 With the death of Yaoluoge Achuo in 795, the main line of the Yaglakar clan ceased to exist. However, successive khagans adopted the Yaglakar surname for prestige. The rest of the clan members were exiled to the Tang capital Chang'an. An epitaph was found in 2010 in Xi'an which belonged to one of the Yaglakar princes, Prince Gechuai (葛啜王子), younger brother of Yaoluoge Dunmohe who died of cold fever on 11 June 795 and was buried on 28 June 795.
Another line of the Yaglakar clan came to rule the Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom in 890s.
Ganzhou Uyghur kings Personal NameTurkic titleChinese titleReignYaoluoge RenmeiYingyi Qaghan (英義可汗)911–924Yaoluoge Aduo/Diyin/RenyuShunhua Qaghan (順化可汗) Fenghua Qaghan (奉化可汗) 924–959Yaoluoge Jingjiong960–975Yaoluoge MilieYaglakar Bilge Qaghan976–983Yaoluoge?Zhongshun Baode Qaghan (忠順保德可汗)1004–1016Yaoluoge GuihuaHuaining Shunhua Qaghan (懷甯順化可汗)1016–1023Yaoluoge TongshunGuizhong Baoshun Qaghan (歸忠保順可汗)1023–1028Yaoluoge YasuBaoguo Qaghan (寶國可汗)1028–1032 The last member of the clan, Baoguo Qaghan, committed suicide in 1032 after the Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom was annexed by the Western Xia.Cheng Suluo: "A Study of the Khaganal Genealogy of Ganzhou Kingdom", "On the History of the Tang and Song Dynasties" (Beijing: People's Publishing House, 1994), pp. 140-149. (in Chinese) Yuri Zuev proposed that the Yaglakar clan survived and eventually became Mongolized under the name "Jalairs".Zuev, Yu A. (2002). Early Turks: Essays on history and ideology. Oriental Studies Institute, Almaty: Daik-Press. pp. 104–105. The descendants of the Yaglakars in Qinghai Yugurs often sinicize their surname as Yang.高自厚. "今日 “药罗葛”——裕固族社会调查." 西北民族研究 2 (1989): 247-260.
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