The climate of Liverpool features a temperate maritime variety (Köppen: Cfb), with relatively mild summers, cool winters and rainfall spread fairly evenly throughout the year. Since 1867, rainfall and temperature records for the city have been kept at Bidston Observatory, as well as atmospheric pressure records since 1846. However, the site closed down in 2002, and a weather station in Crosby has been used by the Met Office since. Irregular meteorological observations have been taken in the city since at least 1768, with unbroken records extending for long periods of time. This includes observations taken at the Liverpool Dock from 1768 to 1798, an unspecified location from 1772 to 1799 and West Derby from 1830 to 1859 and at other unspecified locations in the city from at least 1860 onward. Continuous observations in different areas of the city have been taken since 1830. In modern times, there have also been other stations to operate in the Liverpool area, including stations at West Kirby (1912–1979), Aigburth (1967–1994), and Liverpool John Lennon Airport (1946–present).

Since records began, the lowest temperature ever recorded in the Liverpool and Merseyside area is on 21 December 2010, and the highest temperature recorded is was on 18 July 2022, and 19 July 2022. The highest daily minimum temperature is reported on 19 July 2022, and the lowest daily maximum temperature is on 20 December 2010.. On average, the amount of air frost days per year is below the national average, and in winter, snow is not very common, with heavy snow occurring rarely. Rain is also a common occurrence in the city, but droughts have been known to cause some canal infrastructure problems in the summer, without affecting consumer consumption to any noticeable extent, the most recent drought occurring in the 2018 heat wave.

Classifications

Temperature The average yearly high temperature in Liverpool is and the average yearly low temperature is . The average daily mean is .

Averages

Extremes Due to Liverpool having an oceanic climate, extremes of temperatures are rare. Furthermore, being located close to the sea, wind chill is enhanced as a result of stronger winds as well as heat indexes being higher as a result of the higher humidity found close to bodies of water.

Highest averages PeriodRecord meanYearYear 1990, 1995 Spring (March–May) 1893 Summer (June–August) 1995 Autumn (September–November) 1959 Winter (December–February) 1988 / 1989 January 1916 February 1998 March 1938, 1957 April 2011 May 1919 June 1970 July 2006 August 1995 September 1895 October 1921 November 1994 December 2015

Lowest averages PeriodRecord meanYearYear 1879 Spring (March–May) 2013 Summer (June–August) 1922 Autumn (September–November) 1905, 1952 Winter (December–February) 1962 / 1963 January 1881 February 1895 March 1883, 2013 April 1917 May 1923 June 1972 July 1954 August 1912 September 1952 October 1896 November 1915 December 2010

Highest daily temperatures PeriodRecord temperatureDate January 9 January 1971 February 26 February 2019 March 29 March 1965 April 17 April 2003 May 26 May 2017 June 6 June 1950 July 18 July 2022 August 3 August 1990 September 1 September 1906 October 1 October 2011 November 2 November 2005 December 8 December 1998

Lowest daily temperatures PeriodRecord temperatureDate January 24 January 1881 February 6 February 1895 March 2 March 1965 April 10 April 2003 May 6 May 2012 June 5 June 1872 July 3 July 1877 August 30 August 2003 September 18 September 191922 September 2012 October 27 October 1895 November 29 November 2010 December 21 December 2010

Precipitation Rainfall is fairly regular throughout the year in Liverpool, with no wet or dry season as a result of its oceanic climate. All records refer to the Bidston Observatory from 1867 to 2002 and Crosby from then on.

Averages

Extremes

Lowest PeriodRecord rainfallYearYear 1991 Spring (March–May) 1883 Summer (June–August) 1995 Autumn (September–November) 1922 Winter (December–February) 1963/1964 January 1997 February 1932 March 1931 April 1980 May 2020 June 1925 July 1868 August 1976 September 1959 October 1922 November 1945 December 1936

Highest PeriodRecord rainfallYearYear 1872 Spring (March–May) 1969 Summer (June–August) 1956 Autumn (September–November) 1872 Winter (December–February) 1993/1994 January 1948 February 2020 March 1998 April 1998 May 1969 June 2007 July 1872 August 1956 September 1976 October 1903 November 1951 December 2015

Sunshine Records of sunshine were kept at Bidston from 1908 to 2002. The station at Crosby does not report sunshine data. The closest station that does so now is Hawarden, Flintshire, away.

Extremes

Highest PeriodRecord YearYear1883.0 hours 1995 Spring (March–May)631.7 hours 1909 Summer (June–August)777.5 hours 1995 Autumn (September–November)380.8 hours 1975 Winter (December–February) 246.3 hours 1909–10 January 88.1 hours 1910 February109.3 hours 1949 March 179.9 hours 1929 April 227.8 hours 1909 May 305.6 hours 1989 June 298.8 hours 1960 July 298.8 hours 1955 August 273.3 hours 1995 September 176.2 hours 1986 October 136.6 hours 1995 November 91.7 hours 1975 December72.0 hours 1960

Lowest PeriodRecord YearYear1250.9 hours 1912 Spring (March–May)342.3 hours 1983 Summer (June–August)390.0 hours 1912 and 1978 Autumn (September–November)219.9 hours 1936 Winter (December–February) 94.6 hours 1943–44 January 18.1 hours 1950 February24.8 hours 1940 March 53.7 hours 1942 April 77.3 hours 1920 May 121.5 hours 1932 June 111.3 hours 1987 July 105.1 hours 1944 August 100.7 hours 1912 September 81.1 hours 1976 October 56.0 hours 1915 November 26.9 hours 1951 December16.5 hours 1927

Wind The mean yearly wind speed at 10m in Liverpool is .

Averages PeriodMean wind speed at 10mAnnualJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Daily Extremes Highest wind gusts reported in each month of the year. PeriodMaximum Gusts DateJanuary 29 January 1938February 26 February 1990March 27 March 1966April 23 April 1947May 22 May 1966June 5 June 1946July 30 July 1946August 20 August 1934 25 August 1957September 20 September 1981October 4 October 1938November 6 November 1952December 6 December 1940

Monthly Extremes Average monthly windspeed PeriodHighest mean windspeedYearLowest mean windspeedYearJanuary 2007 1992February 2020 2001March 1967 2001April 1942 1952/1981May 2015 1952/2001June 1938/1956 1988July 1953 2001August 2014 1945/2001September 2012 1959October 2017 1945November 2015 1945December 2011 1989Year 2011 2001

Climatic data

Notes

References