Betws (; ) is a small village and community on the River Amman in Carmarthenshire, Wales, some 15 miles north of Swansea; it is part of the ecclesiastical parish of Betws and Ammanford, and the urban area of Ammanford. The nearby mountain, at the western end of the Black Mountain, is named after the village, and has a large area of common land.
History and location The name 'Betws' is generally thought to be derived from the Anglo-Saxon 'bed-hus' - a house of prayer, or oratory,Betws Mas o'r Byd (Betws Beyond the world) Carol Murphy & Chris Dixon, eds. Index only online. and means "chapel" in the Welsh language. Until the 19th century, when Ammanford developed extensively, Betws was the largest village in the area.Locksmith, WTH (1999) Ammanford: Origin of Street Names & Notable Historical Records
Until the 13th century,See the notes by Roger Turvey Betws was part of Gower, which is now known as the county of Swansea but the old commote border of the rivers Amman and Loughor moved south and Betws has since the Acts of Union been part of Welsh-speaking Carmarthenshire. Article including Cowley Map of 1744, Kitchen Map of 1764, Carey Map of 1794 and Lewis Map 1833.
Until 1817, when a road was built along the Amman valley, Betws was only accessible by roads crossing the mountain from Neath and Swansea. This inaccessibility is commemorated in a local saying, which refers to the division between Betws a'r Byd (Betws and the world). There was a sign on the Amman bridge to this effect: Betws this way, the rest of the world that way.
The people of Betws like to make the distinction between themselves and those over the river in Ammanford.
The road bridge between Betws and Ammanford on Park Street was completed in 1892 and rebuilt in 1990 by T Richard Jones (Betws) Ltd. T. Richard Jones (Betws) Ltd. ('TRJ') is a major building contractor, originally based in the village but now located on the Ammanford side of the river.TRJ Website
The land for Betws Park was given to Ammanford district Council by Lord Dynevor in 1903, but the council used it as a rubbish dump until the early 1930s. After this, it was properly developed by local volunteers as a park with tennis courts. On 23 June 2007, a new 'Memorial and Sensory Garden' was opened in the park. In 2023 a grant from the National Lottery was used by the community council to remove old tennis courts and create a new nature garden.
Betws Park Workshops are a collection of industrial units rented by various businesses. The workshops were opened in 1991, having previously been a screw manufacturing factory (1970–1981) and a lightbulb factory (1983–1986).
The parish church in the village is dedicated to St David. It dates to the 14th century but was renovated in 1872.Betws - part of the Amman & Loughor Heritage Trails series of leaflets.Ammanford – Betws Church In addition to this church, the village is also home to the Presbyterian 'Capel Newydd' .
Betws Primary School was built before 1846, extended in 1928 and refurbished in 1988.
The Caemawr housing estate was built in 1947, and the Bwtrimawr estate in 1976.
Ammanford No. 1 (1890–1925) and No. 2 (1891–1976) Collieries were at the north end of Betws. The Tycoch nightclub occupied some Ammanford No. 1 buildingsDontstayin.com forum for Tycoch Nightclub before being redeveloped as private residence. Betws drift coal mine opened in 1976 and closed in 2003BBC NEWS | Wales | South West Wales | Tears as colliery closes and the land is being redeveloped as housing and industrial units, including LBS Builders Merchants.LBS Ammanford website
A wind farm was opened on Mynydd Y Betws in 2013
75.1% of residents of Betws and Pontamman said they had 'knowledge of Welsh language' compared to 63.6% in Carmarthenshire and 28.4% in Wales.2001 Census
In the 2021 Census, the Betws ward electorate was 2,398 and the County Councillor is Betsan Jones (Plaid Cymru)
The community is bordered by the communities of: Llanedi; Ammanford; Llandybie; and Cwmamman, all being in Carmarthenshire; and by Mawr in the City and County of Swansea.
Sports Betws Rugby Club currently fields two rugby union teams: The first team finished 1st in WRU League Five South West in 2007–8 seasonWRU League table and the second team finished bottom of Llanelli District Division 1.League table from West Wales sport
Ammanford football club have a ground at Rice Street, Betws, which is currently being reconstructed.
Notable people Harry Grindell Matthews (1880–1941), an English inventor who claimed to have invented a death ray; he had a laboratory on Betws mountain from 1934.Article about "Death Ray" Matthews David Rees Griffiths (1882–1953), bardic name of Amanwy, a Welsh poet, and an older brother of Jim Griffiths. Jim Griffiths (1890–1975),Article about Jim Griffiths first Secretary of State for Wales and MP for Llanelli lived at the corner of Pentwyn Road and Park Street, where his father William was the village blacksmith (an anvil stands outside the house that occupies the site today).Article about the poet Amanwy Donald Peers (1908–1973), balladeer, was brought up in Heol-y-felin.Article about balladeer Donald Peers Ivor Richard, Baron Richard PC, QC (1932–2018) was born in Betws and attended Betws Primary School.Article about Baron Richard Terry Magee (born 1964), charity volunteer and former boxer; lives locally.Ammanford Fire Station's page about Terry Magee's fundraising; although most articles give his hometown as Ammanford, the postal town which includes Betws; this page includes an article which states that he lives in Betws
Wildlife A wide variety of birds can be seen around Betws. Red kite, raven, buzzard, kestrel and sparrowhawks can be found on the mountain, whilst kingfisher, dipper and cormorant can be seen on the river. The woods are home to jay and green woodpecker.
See also Betws, Carmarthenshire (electoral ward)
References
External links Historical data Parish website Website about Ammanford with much about Betws Betws community website Forlorn Britain - Exploring the remains of Betws Colliery www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Betws and surrounding area