Several ancient cities of Mesopotamia and Persia are known to have had a circular plan.
List of circular cities + List of cities with circular design City/town Establishment Coordinates Notes Reference Sagbat/Hagmatana 700 BC Sam'al Hittite period Ctesiphon Details are still under discussion. Circularity may be a result of natural growth of the city rather than design. Metropolis (Thessaly) 3rd and 2nd century BC Early Western travelers reported that the fortifications surrounding the ancient city was completely circular. Hatra 3rd or 2nd century BC The plan is round, but it lacks "a genuine geometrical concept". Gōr (old Firuzabad) 3rd century The city plan was a perfect circle of 1,950 m diameter, divided into twenty sectors. The plan also featured a circular city center, with a tower at its very center. Veh-Ardashir 3rd century The circular wall is uncovered. Harran Sasanian period Gay / Jay (Isfahan's twin city) Isfahan The round city of Isfahan is not uncovered yet. Basra 630s Known mostly from literature. Kufa 630s Known mostly from literature. Baghdad 762 Known as "the round city of Baghdad". Darab 8th century The uncovered imperfect circular perimeter is reportedly a defensive work built in the 8th century, and the city itself was triangular in design. Heraqla 790s Venus Project (design) 1955 In Miami, Jacques Fresco presented designs of a circular city. Rotonda West1970
See also Iranian architecture#City design
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