Textual variants in the Acts of the Apostles

Textual variants in the Acts of the Apostles are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatusAdam Fox, John Mill and Richard Bentley: A Study of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament 1675–1729 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1954), pp. 105–115; John Mill, Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (Oxford 1707) which was based on "nearly 100 [Greek] manuscripts."Metzger and Ehrman (2005), p.154 Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones.

Legend

Textual variants

Acts 1:5 ἐν πνεύματι βαπτισθήσεσθε ἁγίῳ (with [the] Spirit will be baptised Holy) – * B 81 915 Didymus WH ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ βαπτισθήσεσθε (with [the] Spirit Holy will be baptised) – D it Hilary Augustine βαπτισθήσεσθε ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ (will be baptised with [the] Spirit Holy) – A C E Ψ Byz vg Origen Cyril ς. Compare Matthew 3:11; Mark 1:8; Luke 3:16.

Acts 1:5 ἡμέρας (days) – Byz ς WH ἡμέρας ἔως τῆς πεντηκοστῆς (days until the Pentecost) – D, cop cop Ephraem Augustine Cassiodorus

Acts 1:6 ἠρώτων αὐτὸν (asking [of] him) – WH ἐπηρώτων αὐτὸν (inquiring him) – Byz ς

Acts 1:7 εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς ([he] said to them) – B* syr WH. Alexandrian text-type: Westcott and Hort 1881, Westcott and Hort / [NA27 and UBS4 variants] 1864–94, Tischendorf 8th Edition, Nestle 1904 εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτούς (but [he] said to them) – A B Ψ Byz vg syr ς. Byz: Stephanus Textus Receptus 1550, Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894, RP Byzantine Majority Text 2005, Greek Orthodox Church καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς (and [he] said to them) – Western text-type: D it ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς (but he, answering them, said) – (C) E

Acts 1:10 ἐσθήσεσι λευκαῖς (white clothing) – A B C Ψ 81 323 945 1175 1739 pc it vg Eusebius WH ἐσθήτι λευκῇ (white clothing) – * D E Byz it syr ς

Acts 1:11 εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν ((in)to [the] heaven) – A B C E Ψ 049 056 0142 36 81 88 104 181 307 326 330 436 453 610 614 629 630 945 1175 1241 1409 1505 1678 1739 1877 1891 2127 2344 2412 2492 Byz Lect it it it it it it it it it vg syr syr syr cop cop cop arm eth geo slav Origen Eusebius Ps-Ignatius Epiphanius Chrysostom Jerome Augustine Cyril Proclus Quodvultdeus Theodoret Cosmas ς WH omitted – D, 33, 242, 326* 2495 it it vg cop arm Maximus Maximinus Augustine Quodvultdeus Leo Varimadum Theodoret Vigilius Cassiodorus

Acts 1:14 τῇ προσευχῇ ([in] the prayer) – A B C* D E Ψ 81 104 1175 pc it vg syr WH NR CEI Riv TILC Nv NM τῇ προσευχῇ καὶ τῇ δεήσει ([in] the prayer and [in] the supplication) – C Byz ς ND Dio. Compare Philippians 4:6.

Acts 1:15 ἀδελφῶν (of the brothers) – A B C* 33 104 945 1175 pc vg cop cop WH NR CEI Riv TILC Nv NM μαθητῶν (of the disciples) – (C) D E Ψ it it it syr cop Byz Cyprian Augustine ς ND Dio. ἀποστόλων (of the apostles) –

Acts 1:18 πρηνὴς γενόμενος (headlong having fallen/become) – A B C D E Ψ 049 056 0142 33 81 88 104 181 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 945 1241 1505 1739 1877 2127 2412 2492 2495 Byz (syr) syr cop cop ς WH πρησθείς (swollen up) – geo Papias pronus factus ([having been] made/become face down) – it it it in faciem prostratus (lying down on the face) – it Ambrose suspensus (hanging/suspended) – it it it it vg Bede (swollen) – arm

Acts 2:5 κατοικοῦντες Ἰουδαῖοι, ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς – A, B κατοικοῦντες εν Ἰερουσαλὴμ, ἄνδρες Ἰουδαῖοι – C (Ἰουδαῖοι ἄνδρες), D (εὐλαβεῖς ἄνδρες), E (Ἰουδαῖοι κατοικοῦντες), Ψ, 049, 056, 0142, 33, 81, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 630, 945, 1241, 1505, 1739, 1877, 2127, 2412, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect κατοικοῦντες ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς – א, it, syr κατοικοῦντες Ιουδαιοι – ℓ 603

Acts 2:14 ενδεκα – majority δεκα αποστολος – D*

Acts 3:1

Acts 4:24 συ – , , A, B, 2495 συ ει – vg συ ο θεος – D E P Ψ 049 056 0142 104 326 330 436 451 614 629 945 1241 1505 1739 2412 2492 Byz Lect e gig συ ει ο θεος – 2127, ℓ 680, ℓ 1443, d, cop κυριε ο θεος – 33, 181, 1877, syr κυριε συ – 88 (arm συ κυριος) κυριε – ar

Acts 4:36 Ἰωσὴφ (Joseph) – Westcott and Hort 1881, Westcott and Hort / [NA27 and UBS4 variants], Tischendorf's 8th Edition 1864–94, Nestle 1904 Ἰωσῆς (Joses) – Stephanus Textus Receptus 1550, Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894, RP Byzantine Majority Text 2005, Greek Orthodox Church

Acts 5:3 ὁ Πέτρος Ἁνανία – majority of manuscripts of all the Alexandrian, Caesarean, and Byzantine text-types Πέτρος πρὸς Ἁνανίαν – D, Ψ πρὸς αὐτόν ὁ Πέτρος Ἁνανίαν – E, 321

Acts 5:28 ου παραγγελια – , D, E, P, (Ψ ουχι), 049, 056, 0142, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 630, 945, 1241, 1505, 1739, 1877, 2127, 2412, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, e, h, p, syr, cop, arm, eth παραγγελια – , *, A, B, ℓ 147, ar, d, gig, vg, cop

Acts 6:1

Acts 7:1

Acts 8:37 – 104, 323, 453, 945, 1739, 1891, 2818, ℓ 59 – Ε, it – 88 verse omitted by , , , A, B, C, P, Ψ, 049, 056, 0142, 33, 81, 88*, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 1241, 1505, 2127, 2412, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

Acts 8:39 (the Holy Spirit fell on the eunuch, and an angel of the Lord caught up Philip) – A, 36, 94, 103, 307, 322, 323, 385, 453, 467, 945, 1739, 1765, 1891, 2298, it, vg, syr

Acts 9:1

Acts 10:25 Codex Bezae has an addition: "And as Peter was drawing near to Caesarea one of the servants ran forward and announced that he was come."

Acts 11:20 Ελληνιστας – B D E P Ψ 049 056 0142 81 88 104 181 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 945 1241 1505 1739 1877 2127 2412 2492 2495 Byz Lect Ελληνας – Sinaiticus, A D arm ευαγγελιστας – Sinaiticus

Acts 12:25 (to Jerusalem) – , B, H, L, P, 049, 056, 0142, 81, 88, 326, 330, 451, 629, 1241, 1505, 1877, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect (from Jerusalem) – , A, 33, 69, 630, 2127UBS3, p. 464. (from Jerusalem) – D, Ψ, 181, 436, 614, 2412, ℓ 147, ℓ 809, ℓ 1021, ℓ 1141, ℓ 1364, ℓ 1439, ar, d, gig, vg, Chrysostom (to Antioch) – 97, 110, 328, 424, 425 (to Antioch) – ℓ 38 (from Jerusalem to Antioch) – E, 322, 323 (from Jerusalem to Antioch) – 429, 945, 1739, e, p, syr, cop geo (to Jerusalem to Antioch) – 104, cop (some mss.)

Acts 13:33 (it is written in the second Psalm) – , , A, B, C, Ψ, 33 81 181 326 630 945 1739 (it is written in the second Psalm) – Ε Π 049 88 104 330 436 451 614 629 1241 1505 1877 2127 2412 2492 2495 Byz (it is written in the second Psalm) – 056 0142 (it is written in the first Psalm) – D* it (it is written in Psalms) – (it is written in Psalm) – 522 1175

Acts 14:1

Acts 15:23 – , , *, A, B, cop – , E, (33), Byz, syr – C, ar, c, gig, w, geo – D, d – Ψ – 614. (NA26)

Acts 15:24 (your souls) – , , , , A, B, D, 33, 81, 629 (your souls, saying: you must be circumcised and keep the law) – C, E (περιτεμνεσθαι δει), P, Ψ, 049, 056, 0142, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 630, 945, 1241, 1739, Byz

Acts 15:34 verse omitted by majority of the mss. verse contained in C, 33, 88, 181, 326, 436, 614, 630, 945, 1739, 2412

Acts 16:1

Acts 17:26 – , , A, B, 33, 81, 181, 629, 630, 1739, vg, cop – D, E, P, 049, 056, 0142, 88, 104, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 945, 1241, 1505, 1877, 2127, 2412, 2492, 2495, Byz Lect – Ψ, ℓ 603 omitted by eth

Acts 18:26 – D d gig – A B 33 88 181 326 436 614 2412 ℓ 60 ℓ 1356 – E 1505 2495 ℓ 598 – 945 1739 – 630 – P Ψ 049 0142 104 330 451 1241 1877 2127 2492 Byz Lect

Acts 19:20 – A B – majority – D, syr

Acts 20:15 (and after remaining at Trogyllium) – D P 049 88 181 326 330 451 614 945 1241 1505 1877 2127 2412 2492 2495 (and after remaining at Strogyllium) – 056 0142 (and after remaining at Stogyllium) – 104 (Gyllium) – Ψ omit – A B C E 33 630 1739

Acts 20:28 (church of God) – B 614 1175 2495 al vg sy bo (church of the Lord) – , A, C*, D, E, Ψ, 33, 453, 945, 1739, 1891, 36 (church of the Lord and God) – C, Byz

Acts 21:1 – B E P Ψ 049 056 0142 33 88 104 181 326 330 436 451 614 629 630 945 1241 1505 1739 1877 2127 2412 2492 2495 Byz ar e vg syr cop arm eth – A C – D gig (it Hyram) vg cop

Acts 22:1

Acts 23:1

Acts 24:6b-8a verse omitted by majority of the mss. verse contained (with textual differences) in E, Ψ, 056, 0142, 33, 88, 181, 424, 436, 483, 614, 630, 945, 1505, 2412, 2495

Acts 24:20 – A B 33 81 181 – C E P Ψ 049 056 0142 88 104 326 330 436 451 614 629 Byz

Acts 25:1

Acts 26:1

Acts 27:16 (name of island) – B 1175 lat syrp – A 33 81 614 945 1739 2495, vg (Codex Cavensis) syr – Byz – Ψ

Acts 27:37 (about seventy) – Epiphanius (about seventy-six) – B sa Epiphanius (seventy-six) – 522 ℓ (one hundred seventy-six) – bomss (two hundred sixteen) – ℓ (two hundred seventy) – 69 Ephraem (two hundred seventy-five) – A sa (two hundred seventy-six) – rell

Acts 27:41 (from the force) – * (by the force) – A B arm geo (from the sea) – latt (of the waves) – ℓ (w/obeli) (by the waves) – Ψ 1678 2464 eth (by the force of the winds) – 629 (from the force of the waves) – 104 ℓ (by the force of the waves) – rell

Acts 28:1

See also Alexandrian text-type Biblical inerrancy Byzantine text-type Caesarean text-type Categories of New Testament manuscripts Comparison of codices Sinaiticus and Vaticanus List of New Testament verses not included in modern English translations Textual variants in the New Testament Western text-type

References

Textual variants in the Acts of the Apostles

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