Kostomarov (, masculine) or Kostomarova (, feminine) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include: Dmitry Kostomarov (1929–2014), Soviet Russian mathematician Grigory Kostomarov (1896–1970), Soviet historian Mykola Kostomarov (1817–1885), Russo–Ukrainian historian Nikita Kostomarov (born 1999), Belarusian association football player Roman Kostomarov (born 1977), Russian ice dancer