Mebane is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexander Mebane, (1744–1795), American politician from North Carolina Brandon Mebane (born 1985), American football player Giles Mebane (1809–1899), American politician from North Carolina Lily Morehead Mebane (1869–1943), American relief worker during World War I Walter Mebane (born 1958), American political scientist