Neroni is an Italian-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bartolomeo Neroni (c.1505–1571), Italian painter, sculptor, architect, and engineer Diotisalvi Neroni (1401–1482), Italian politician Signora Madeline Vesey Neroni, novel character of Barchester Towers (1857)
See also Negroni (surname) Negroni, a cocktail named after Pascal Olivier Count de Negroni Tuiloma Neroni Slade (born 1941), Samoan diplomat