List of members of the Asutav Kogu

The following is a list of members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly (Asutav Kogu) of 1919–20. The Russian Provisional Government created the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia in April 1917 and decreed that it should have its own governor and an elected Provincial Assembly, which convened in July 1917. On 28 November that year, it declared its laws sovereign over Estonia,Toivo Miljan, Historical Dictionary of Estonia (Scarecrow Press, 2004), pp. 15–16. but the Bolsheviks led by Jaan Anvelt occupied Tallinn (Estonia's capital) and declared the Provincial Assembly dissolved; as they retreated in February 1918, the Estonian Salvation Committee issued the Estonian Declaration of Independence. Soon afterwards, however, German forces occupied Estonia, a situation made formal under the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk; after Germany's withdrawal at the end of the First World War in November 1918, a Provisional Government proclaimed independence, but the Soviet Russian Red Army occupied Estonia shortly afterwards, triggering the Estonian War of Independence. Only once the Red Army had been expelled from the region in February 1919"Estonia: History", Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 February 2019. could the Provincial Assembly (still technically sitting) establish a Constituent Assembly "to lay the foundations for Estonian statehood [and] to adopt the Constitution"."Constituent Assembly", Riigikogu. Retrieved 22 February 2019. The Assembly sat between 23 April 1919 and 20 December 1920,Jaan Toomla, Valitud ja Valitsenud: Eesti parlamentaarsete ja muude esinduskogude ning valitsuste isikkoosseis aastail 1917–1999 (National Library of Estonia, 1999), p. 25. following elections held on 5–7 April 1919. It ratified the 1st Constitution of Estonia which provided for a new legislative chamber: the Riigikogu.

List of members Source: Jaan Toomla, Valitud ja Valitsenud: Eesti parlamentaarsete ja muude esinduskogude ning valitsuste isikkoosseis aastail 1917–1999 (National Library of Estonia, 1999), pp. 25–32. NamePartyNotesJuhan Mihkel AinsonERLeft office 18.12.1919, replaced by Juhan OstratJaan AmmermannESDTPAdo AnderkoppETEAlma Anvelt-Ostra (or Oinas)ESDTPAugust ArrasETELeft office 16.10.1919; replaced by Theodor KäärikEmma Asson (Petersen)ESDTPKarl Ast (or Rumor)ESDTPAlma Ast-AnniESDTPTook office 28.05.1920; replaced Eduard VildeRobert Astrem (or Aström)ESDTPLeft office 23.04.1920; replaced by Gustav KüjenMarie Helene AulESDTPLeft office 12.05.1919; replaced by Karl LukkEduard Georg AuleEMRLLeft office 23.04.1919; replaced by Jaan RaamotKaarel August BaarsETEAdam Bachmann (or Randalu)ERAdo BirkEREduard BirkenbergERTook office 12.12.1919, replacing Peeter Põld; left office 21.10.1920 and replaced by Gustav SeenMax Woldemar Gustav Ed. BockSEEChristian BrüllerEMRLTook office 28.09.1920, replacing Heinrich TatsKarl Einbund (or Eenpalu)ERTook office 26.04.1919, replacing Jaan MasingAugust EhrlichERTook office 27.08.1919, replacing Jaan MägiJohan EpnerESDTPTook office on 04.02.1920, replacing Nikolai Köstner; left office on 31.07.1920 and replaced by Verner NerepJohannes ErnesaksESDTPVillem ErnitsESDTPKarl Oskar Freiberg (or Kurmiste)(ESRP)EISTPTook office on 07.09.1920, replacing Johannes SemperJulius Grünberg (or Tarmisto)EMRLLeft office 23.04.1919; replaced by Kristjan HahoTimotheus GrünthalETEGustav Arnold Grünvald (or Grünvaldt)ESDTPLeft office 14.11.1919; replaced by Jaan PakkKristjan HahoEMRLTook office on 23.04.1919, replacing Julius GrünbergVoldemar HammerESDTPLeft office 30.06.1919; replaced by Jakob MikiverEduard HubelERLeft office 23.04.1919; replaced by Johannes ReinthalJaan HünersonEMRLKarl InglistESDTPKarl IpsbergEMRLJüri JaaksonERJohan JansESDTPAleksander Janson (or Alumäe)(ESRP)EISTPTook office 10.10.2019, replacing Andres LooritsLeopold Johannes JohansonESDTPPeet JohansonETEErich Joonas (or Jonas)(ESRP)EISTPMihkel JuhkamETELeft office 03.11.1919; replaced by Ferdinand PetersonJaan JärveERTook office 27.09.1919, replacing Hans PriimägiAugust Jürman (or Jürmann/Jürima)EMRLTõnis KalbusETEOskar Philipp KallasERLeft office 21.05.1919; replaced by Aleksander SchipaiNikolai KannKREEduard Kansman (or Kansa)ETETook office 5.11.1919, replacing Johannes Zimmermann; left office 16.03.1920 and replaced by Madis KäbinArtur KaplurESDTPAleksander Leon Richard KappKRETook office 30.07.1919, replacing Johann KõppPeeter Karin (or Karrin)ESDTPLeft office 15.04.1920 and replaced by Johannes RätsepJuhan KartauESDTPHugo Bernhard KiksonESDTPKarl-Bernhard KirpERLeft office 09.03.1920, replacing Jaan Poska; left office 11.03.1920 and replaced by Jakob PloompuuHermann KochSEETheodor KoikESRPLeft office 02.05.1919 and replaced by Jaan PiiskarRudolf KoilESDTPTook office 17.12.1919, replacing August ReebenKonstantin KonikETEKarl-Ferdinand KornelERHans Kruus(ESRP)EISTPJuhan KukkETEMinni Kurs-OleskESDTPHugo KuusnerERJohann KõppKRELeft office 29.07.1919; replaced by Aleksander KappMadis KäbinETETook office 17.03.1920, replacing Eduard KansmanJaan Kärner(ESRP)EISTPTheodor KäärikETETook office 17.10.1919, replacing August ArrasNikolai KöstnerESDTPLeft office 03.02.1920; replaced by Johan EpnerEduard KübarseppERTook office 24.01.1920, replacing Harald NormakGustav KüjenESDTPTook office 24.04.1920, replacing Robert Astrem; died in office 17.08.1920 and replaced on 18.08.1920 by Johannes PõllupüüAnton LaarKRELeft office 17.11.1919 and replaced by Hans LeesmentJaan LattikKREHans LeesmentKRETook office 18.11.1919, replacing Anton LaarJohannes LehtmanETELeft office 06.10.1919; replaced by Jakob SõnajalgJaan LetnerESDTPLeft office 23.04.1919; replaced by Tõnu TalbakJakob LindrosESDTPTõnu LoikETEPeeter LondoESDTPTook office 23.04.1919, replacing Georg PuuseppAndres LooritsESRPLeft office 09.10.1919 and replaced by Aleksander JansonKarl Michael LukkESDTPTook office 13.05.1919, replacing Marie Helene AulJaan LõoERLeft office 16.12.1919 and replaced by Harald NormakNikolai MaimERTook office 25.07.1919, replacing Karl VäliAnton MartinsonESDTPDied in office 17.06.1919; replaced by Märt Raud on 18.06.1919Hans MartnaESDTPMihkel MartnaESDTPLeft office 26.04.1919; replaced by Karl EinbundJaan MasingERHans MetsESDTPJaan MetsETEJohannes Meier (or Meyer)SEELeft office 26.01.1920; replaced by George StackelbergJakob MikiverESDTPTook office 01.07.1919, replacing Voldemar HammerJaan MägiERLeft office 26.08.1919; replaced by August EhrlichMihkel NepsESDTPVerner NerepESDTPTook office 07.09.1920, replacing Johan EpnerEduard NipmannESDTPHarald NormakERTook office 17.12.1919, replacing Jaan Lõo; left office 23.01.1920 and replaced by Eduard KübarseppHans NurkESDTPMats NõgesERAleksander OinasESDTPLui OleskETEAugust OntonESDTPHans OravETETook office 07.10.1919, replacing Aleksander VelveltJuhan OstratERTook office 19.12.1919, replacing Johan Ainson; left office 22.01.1920 and replaced on 23.01.1920 by Jaan SitskaJohannes PaalbergERLeft office 11.05.1919 and replaced by Julius ReintamJaan PakkESDTPTook office 15.11.1919, replacing Gustav GrünvaldKaarel PartsERLeft office 11.12.1919 and replaced by Heinrich TatsChristoph PeikerETEFerdinand Peterson (or Petersen)ETETook office 04.11.1919, replacing Mihkel JuhkamAnts PiipETEJaan Piiskar(ESRP)EISTPTook office 03.05.1919, replacing Theodor KoikJohan PitkaERLeft office 28.05.1919 and replaced by August SternfeldtJakob PloompuuERTook office 12.03.1920, replacing Karl KirpJohann PloompuuERTheodor PoolETEJaan PoskaERDied in office 07.03.1920 and replaced on 09.03.1920 by Karl KirpHelmi Press-JansenESDTPHans PriimägiERTook office 22.05.1919, replacing Jaan Uri; left office 26.08.1919 and replaced by Jaan JärveJakob PussESDTPTook office 24.10.1919, replacing Tõnu TalbakGeorg PuuseppESDTPLeft office 23.04.1919 and replaced by Peeter LondoPeeter Siegfried PõldERLeft office 11.12.1919 and replaced by Eduard BirkenbergJohannes PõllupüüESDTPTook office 18.08.1920, replacing Gustav KüjenJohanna PätsETEKonstantin PätsEMRLVoldemar PätsETEHans PöhlKREMait Püümann (or Püümets)ESDTPJaan RaamotEMRLTook office 23.04.1919, replacing Eduard AuleKarl RandESDTPTook office 05.05.1920, replacing Johannes RätsepNikolai RapsESDTPTook office 24.10.1919, replacing Jüri Uustalu; left office 13.11.1919 and replaced by August ReebenAnton RataseppESDTPTook office 09.08.1919, replacing August TibarMärt RaudESDTPTook office 18.06.1919, replacing Anton MartinsonHugo Raudsepp(ESRP)EISTPAugust ReebenESDTPTook office 14.11.1919, replacing Nikolai Raps; left office on 16.12.1919 and replaced by Rudolf KoilAugust ReiESDTPJulius ReintamERTook office 12.05.1919, replacing Johannes PaalbergJohannes Reinthal (or Reintalu)ERTook office 23.04.1919, replacing Eduard HubelMarie ReisikEREduard RosenvaldERPeeter RuubelETETook office 07.10.1919, replacing Karl SaarJohannes RätsepESDTPTook office 16.04.1920, replacing Peeter Karin; left office 04.05.1920 and replaced by Karl RandKarl-August SaarETELeft office 06.10.1919 and replaced by Peeter RuubelAleksander Schipai (or Šipai)ERTook office 22.05.1919, replacing Oskar KallasArnold Paul Schulbach (or Süvalep)ETEGustav SeenERTook office 22.10.1920, replacing Eduard BirkenbergJulius SeljamaaETEJohannes Semper(ESRP)EISTPLeft office 06.09.1920 and replaced by Karl FreibergJaan SitskaERTook office 23.01.1920, replacing Juhan OstratAleksei SorokinVKKGeorg Rudolf StackelbergSEETook office 27.01.1920, replacing Johannes MeyerAugust Voldemar SternfeldtERTook office 29.05.1919, replacing Johan PitkaOtto August StrandmanETEJakob SõnajalgETETook office 07.10.1919, replacing Johannes LehtmanEduard SäkkETEJohannes-Friedrich ZimmermannETELeft office 04.11.1919 and replaced by Eduard KansmanTõnu TalbakESDTPTook office 23.04.1919, replacing Jaan Letner; left office 25.10.1919 and replaced by Jakob PussNikolai TaltsETEHeinrich TatsEMRLTook office 12.12.1919, replacing Kaarel Parts; left office 27.09.1920 and replaced by Christjan BrüllerJaan TeemantEMRLAnna Tellman (or Tõrvand)ETETook office 07.10.1919, replacing Mihkel Varrik; left office 08.08.1919 and replaced by Anton RataseppAugust TibarESDTPViktor Tomberg (or Tarmas)ETEKarl Heinrich TomingasAleksander TulpESDTPJaan TõnissonERArtur UibopuuERJüri UluotsEMRLJaan UriERLeft office 21.05.1919 and replaced by Hans PriimägiJüri UustaluESDTPLeft office 23.10.1919 and replaced by Nikolai RapsJaan VainESDTPMihkel VarrikETELeft office 06.10.1919 and replaced by Anna TemmanAleksander August Veiderman (or Veiderma)ETEAleksander VeilerETEAleksander VelveltETELeft office 06.10.1919 and replaced by Hans OravArnold VesterbergESDTPJakob WestholmEREduard VildeESDTPLeft office 27.05.1920 and replaced by Alma Ast-AnniKarl VirmaESDTPKarl VäliERLeft office 24.07.1919 and replaced by Nikolai Maim

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