Posse is a German and Swedish surname. Notable people with the name include:
Abel Posse, Argentine writer Amelie Posse, Swedish writer Arvid Posse, (1820–1901), Prime Minister of Sweden Arvid Mauritz Posse, (1792–1850), Swedish Prime Minister for Justice and Marshal of the Realm Hans Posse (1879–1942), special envoy of the Führermuseum Knut Posse, Swedish Commander killed at the Battle of Brunkeberg Konstantin Posse, (1847–1928), Russian mathematician, student of Pafnuty Chebyshev Martín Posse, Argentine football manager and former player Nicolás Posse, Argentine politician and industrial engineer Vladimir Posse (1864–1940), Russian socialist journalist