Bestuzhev (), or Bestuzheva (feminine; ) is a Russian surname. The Bestuzhev noble family was from the medieval Novgorod Republic and descended from boyars.
Notable people with the surname include:
Pyotr Bestuzhev-Ryumin (1664–1742), Russian statesman Mikhail Petrovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin (1688–1760), Russian diplomat Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin (1693–1766), Russian diplomat Alexander Fedoseyevich Bestuzhev (1761–1810), Russian writer and state councilor Alexander's sons (all members of the Decembrist revolt): Nikolay Bestuzhev (1791–1855), Russian writer and portrait painter Alexander Bestuzhev (1797–1837), Russian writer Mikhail Bestuzhev (writer) (1800–1871), Russian writer Pyotr Bestuzhev (officer) (1804–1840), Russian officer and memoirist Pavel Bestuzhev (1808–1846), Russian officer Mikhail Bestuzhev-Ryumin (1801–1826), Russian officer Konstantin Bestuzhev-Ryumin (1829–1897), Russian historian