Litvinov or Litvinoff () is a Russian surname derived from the term Litvin, meaning Lithuanian person (Litva/Литвa). The female form of this surname is Litvinova ().

Notable persons with that name include: Litvinov Alexander Litvinov (1853–1932), Russian general in the Imperial Russian Army and the Red Army Venya D'rkin (stage name – real name Alexander Litvinov, 1970–1999), bard musician, artist, and storyteller David Litvinoff (AKA David Litvinov, 1928–1975), consultant for the British film industry who traded on his knowledge of the low life of the East End of London Dmitry Litvinov (1854–1929), Russian botanist Emanuel Litvinoff (1915–2011), British writer and editor Eugene Litvinov (1950–2020), American engineer Ivy Low Litvinov (1889–1977), English-Russian writer and translator Juri Litvinov (born 1978), Kazakhstani figure skater Maxim Litvinov (1876–1951), Soviet diplomat Pavel Litvinov (born 1940), Soviet physicist, writer, and human rights supporter Sergey Litvinov (disambiguation), several persons Victor Litvinov (1910–1983), Russian aircraft designer Vitali Litvinov (born 1970), Russian former footballer

Litvinova Elizaveta Litvinova (1845–1919), Russian mathematician Larisa Litvinova (1918–1997), World War II bomber navigator and Hero of the Soviet Union Lyudmila Litvinova (born 1985), Russian sprinter and Olympic medallist Natalia Litvinova (born 1986), Argentinian writer, editor, poet and translator Renata Litvinova (born 1967), Russian actress

See also