1976 Portuguese presidential election

A presidential election was held in Portugal on 27 June 1976.

With a broad base of support that comprised the center-left and the center-right, Ramalho Eanes won the election on the first round with more than 61% of the votes and became the first elected President of Portugal after the Carnation Revolution.

The Portuguese Communist Party presented its own candidate, Octávio Pato, a well known anti-fascist, but performed poorly, receiving just under 8% of the votes. Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho, a key figure during the Carnation Revolution in 1974, was also a candidate, polling second with 16%, while former prime minister José Pinheiro de Azevedo was narrowly behind at third place with 14% of the votes. Voter turnout stood at above 75% of registered voters. Eanes was sworn in as President on 14 July 1976.

Background Following the approval of a new constitution in early April 1976,. the process of electing new institutions, a new assembly and a president, began with legislative elections on 25 April, and with the scheduling of presidential elections for 27 June, confirmed by then-President Francisco da Costa Gomes in May of the same year. The outgoing president, Costa Gomes, refused the idea of running for a full term, in order to facilitate the transition to democracy. Early on, the role of general António Ramalho Eanes in the 25 November 1975 coup, made him the consensus candidate among the main democratic forces.

Electoral system Any Portuguese citizen over 35 years old has the opportunity to run for president. In order to do so it was necessary to gather between 7500 and 15000 signatures and submit them to the Supreme Court of Justice by 28 May 1976.

According to the Portuguese Constitution, to be elected, a candidate needs a majority of votes. If no candidate gets this majority there will take place a second round between the two most voted candidates.

Candidates Official candidates António Ramalho Eanes – Military officer, Main leader against the Coup of 25 November 1975, former chairman of RTP, supported by the Socialist Party, Democratic People's Party, Democratic and Social Centre and the Portuguese Workers' Communist Party; José Pinheiro de Azevedo – Navy officer, Prime Minister between 1975 and 1976, Independent candidate; Octávio Pato – supported by the Portuguese Communist Party; Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho – Military officer, Independent candidate supported by the Popular Democratic Union, Movement of Socialist Left, People's Socialist Front and the Revolutionary Party of the Proletariat – Revolutionary Brigades.

Unsuccessful candidacies There was also one candidate rejected by the Portuguese Constitutional Court for not complying with the legal requirements:

Venceslau Pompílio da Cruz.

Withrawn candidates

Arlete Vieira da Silva – supported by the Internationalist Communist League and the Workers' Revolutionary Party.

Campaign period Issues The campaign was held under a rather tense and unstable environment. Otelo Saraiva's campaign was met with stones and gunfire in Lamego, while Eanes campaign was also received with gunshots in Évora, resulting in one death and six injured. Pinheiro de Azevedo's campaign, on the other hand, endured a setback in the last days of the campaign trail with the candidate suffering a heart attack and being hospitalized.

Party slogans Candidate Original slogan English translation Refs António Ramalho Eanes « Muitos prometem... Eanes cumpre »« Candidato de Portugal » "Many promise ... Eanes delivers""Portugal's Candidate" Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho « O 25 de Abril à Presidência » "April 25 to the Presidency" José Pinheiro de Azevedo « Vota Pinheiro de Azevedo » "Vote Pinheiro de Azevedo" Octávio Pato « Pela democracia e o socialismo » "For democracy and socialism"

Candidates' debates 1976 Portuguese presidential election debates Date Organisers Moderator(s) Eanes Otelo Azevedo Pato Refs 9 Jun 1976 RTP1 Joaquim LetriaPPPP

Opinion polls Polling firmDate releasedSamplesize Lead Election results 26 Jun 1976 61.6 16.5 14.4 7.6 45.1 Expresso 9 Jun 1976 53.2 17.7 22.6 4.8 1.730.6

Results National summary

Results by district District Eanes Otelo Azevedo Pato Turnout Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %   Aveiro 217,589 74.47% 20,634 6.97% 46,346 15.86% 7,866 2.69% 77.38%   Azores 30,646 86.06% 9,510 9.01% 17,076 16.18% 2,562 2.43% 71.13%   Beja 36,219 34.59% 34,339 32.80% 7,296 6.97% 26,844 25.64% 74.37%   Braga 218,459 70.20% 25,089 8.06% 59,093 18.99% 8,550 2.75% 82.34%   Bragança 67,593 82.59% 2,725 3.33% 9,357 11.43% 2,167 2.65% 68.71%   Castelo Branco 98,828 76.25% 14,393 11.33% 10,927 8.61% 4,833 3.81% 73.66%   Coimbra 147,906 71.93% 19,801 9.63% 29,038 14.12% 8,887 4.32% 67.51%   Évora 39,847 36.03% 38,509 34.82% 10,500 9.50% 21,726 19.65% 81.28%   Faro 87,590 52.88% 41,018 24.76% 24,331 14.69% 12,698 7.67% 70.81%   Guarda 88,451 82.87% 4,528 4.24% 11,194 10.49% 2,558 2.40% 72.64%   Leiria 156,404 76.63% 18,682 9.15% 20,109 9.85% 8,915 4.37% 73.26%   Lisbon 582,103 53.55% 259,915 23.91% 132,600 12.20% 112,395 10.34% 75.93%   Madeira 76,417 72.39% 9,510 9.01% 17,076 16.18% 2,562 2.43% 74.81%   Portalegre 47,665 56.12% 14,122 16.63% 10,893 12.82% 12,258 14.43% 78.24%   Porto 450,236 60.43% 86,356 11.59% 169,940 22.81% 38,548 5.17% 80.76%   Santarém 141,397 58.68% 48,370 20.07% 31,564 13.10% 19,634 8.15% 73.53%   Setúbal 96,739 29.87% 135,495 41.83% 31,166 9.62% 60,519 18.68% 77.78%   Viana do Castelo 87,136 74.64% 8,075 6.92% 17,174 14.71% 4,362 3.74% 72.36%   Vila Real 91,261 81.59% 4,552 4.07% 12,604 11.27% 3,433 3.07% 67.59%   Viseu 155,520 81.19% 7,447 3.90% 25,071 13.09% 3,490 1.82% 69.81% Source: SGMAI Presidential Election Results

Maps

Notes

References

External links National Election Commission