Pineau is a French surname.
Notable people with the surname include: Allison Pineau, (born 1989) French handballer and Olympic silver medallist Carol Pineau, American journalist and producer, writer, and director of documentary films Cédric Pineau, (born 1985) French former road bicycle racer Christian Pineau, (1904–1995) French Resistance fighter and Minister of Foreign Affairs Cleo Francis Pineau, (1893–1972) American World War I flying ace Franck Pineau, (born 1963) French former racing cyclist Gisèle Pineau, (born 1956) French novelist, writer and former psychiatric nurse Henry Pineau, (1863–1904) Canadian conservative politician Jacinthe Pineau, (born 1974) Canadian former competition swimmer Jérôme Pineau, (born 1980) French former professional road bicycle racer Joëlle Pineau, Canadian computer scientist and associate professor at McGill University Nicolas Pineau, (1684–1754) French carver and ornamental designer, who developed the Rococo style Paul Pineau, (1923–2006) French racing cyclist