There were several historic mills around the metro Atlanta area, for which many of its current-day roads are still named. Most of the mills date back to the 1820s and 1830s, and were built along the area's many streams. The locations of many of these mills are shown on a map of 1875 showing U. S. military operations around Atlanta in 1864. This map is now located in the U. S. Library of Congress but can be seen on the webpage linked here.

Akers Mill

Akers Mill was located on Rottenwood Creek near Vinings. Located within the modern Cumberland/Galleria area, Akers Mill Road runs west from Powers Ferry Road at Interstate 285, immediately north of the Chattahoochee River, then turns south on Cumberland Boulevard, then departs west again after one "block", crossing Interstate 75 and then Cobb Parkway, and forming the southern boundary of the Cumberland Mall property.

Anderson Mill Near Austell.

Arnold Mill Arnold Mill, Georgia was located in southeastern Cherokee County, Georgia, east of Woodstock, Georgia. Arnold Mill Road runs east from Main Street (former Georgia 5) in the exact center of downtown Woodstock to meet Hickory Flat Highway (Georgia 140), which continues as Arnold Mill Road southeast through Milton to Crabapple between Roswell and Alpharetta. West of Main Street in Woodstock, it becomes Towne Lake Parkway. The name is associated with an Arnold Mill post office named for Givens W. Arnold, located on present-day Arnold Mill Road near the Little River, which is also the dividing line between Cherokee County and Fulton County. It is unclear whether the Arnold family operated a mill.

Autrey Mill Sometimes misspelled "Autry" (as in Gene Autry), Autrey Mill Road is along Johns Creek off Old Alabama Road about 2 miles from Medlock Bridge Road in the city of Johns Creek, Georgia, as is the Autrey Mill Nature Preserve and Heritage Center.

Barnes Mill Barnes Mill Road is just east-northeast of Marietta. Its eastern terminus is at Georgia 120 (Roswell Road) and ascends Blackjack Mountain. The road was severed by Interstate 75.

Black's Mill Black's Mill Road is named for a small grist mill that was once in Dawsonville, Georgia and was owned and operated by Noah and Sarah Black.

Blake's Mill This antebellum mill was owned and operated by John Blake (1798–1854) and was located on Shallowford Road near I-85, northeast of Atlanta in DeKalb County.

Brick Mill Near Canton.

Brown's Mill The ruins are gone, but the site is located southeast of Atlanta at Georgia Highway 42 and the South River.

Brandon Mill Near Sandy Springs.

Cobb's Mill Just east of the Atlanta city limits at 1510 Key Rd. at Intrenchment Creek Water Plant stood a grist mill operated by William Cobb, a DeKalb County pioneer. The mill was a notable landmark in the movement of Confederate forces to the field of the Battle of Atlanta, fought July 22, 1864.

Cochran Mill Located in Southwest Fulton County in Chattahoochee Hills.

Collier Mill Located right of Collier Road in Buckhead along Tanyard Creek, the Collier's grist mill was at the center of a key Civil War battle, the Battle of Peachtree Creek. It was located on the lands of Andrew Jackson Collier. Bronze markers in Tanyard Creek Park and old millstones and markers at the corner of Redland Drive and Collier Rd. recall this history.

Connolly's Grist Mill Located on one of the three main branches of Utoy Creek that flow North West from East Point, Thomas Connolly established a grist mill to serve his local plantation and the surrounding community in 1850. Confederate Troops of Cleburnes Division, Hardees Corps were entrenched overlooking the mill. The mill was destroyed several times by flood and rebuilt until 1910 when it was destroyed by the US Sanitary Commission to prevent the spread of mosquitoes and malaria and flu after the epidemics in 1910-1919. The mill pond still exists and is a scenic site along the former Chattahoochee, now Connolly Drive in East Point, GA.

Connolly Saw Mill Established in 1850 by Thomas Connolly, located at the juncture of three tributaries of South Utoy Creek, A large dam supported a saw mill to meet lumber needs in the Utoy and East Point Areas of Fulton County. The Dam site was destroyed in 1963 with the construction of the GA Hwy 166 Lakewood Freeway. The Millpond prevented the direct assault of the US XXIII Corps during August 1864 along South Utoy Creek.

Durand's Mill Durand's Mill was a water-powered sawmill and factory operated in the 1860s by Samuel A. Durand (1822–1891), and later by Fredrick A. Williams (1817–1883). Williams' name designated the old road now known as Briarcliff and Williams Mill Road. Later, J.F. Wallace (1840–1902) succeeded Williams. His name was given to Wallace Station, a former stop on the Seaboard Railroad, and the road to Emory University where it joins Clifton Road. Federal 4th Corps troops crossed the South Fork of Peachtree Creek at Durand's Mill on July 20, 1864 during their advance upon Atlanta.

Evans Mill Near Lithonia.

Henderson Mill

Located near Henderson Creek, one-tenth of a mile south of Midvale Road, in unincorporated DeKalb County, and named for Greenville Henderson (1792–1869).

Herrings Mill Situated on the North Fork of Utoy Creek, the Grist mill was in operation in 1850. Union troops of the US XIV Corps, Johnson's Division, crossed the mill pond on August 3, 1864, in an attempt to break the Confederate defenses at Utoy Creek, GA. The Herring House was used as a headquarters by General Sherman on August 3–4, 1864.

Houston Mill In 1876, the Houston Mill was built on the south fork of Peachtree Creek in Decatur, and used to grind corn (maize) into cornmeal. It was owned by Major Washington Jackson Houston, who in 1900 converted it into the first hydroelectric power plant in DeKalb County, and formed the Decatur Light, Power and Water Company.

Located above the confluence of Peavine Creek and South Fork Peachtree Creek, the dam itself still remains, and the remnants of the millrace are still visible along the creek in Emory University's Hahn Woods park.

Howell's Mills Howell's Mill was located near Atlanta. Named after Clark Howell, it was located on Peachtree Creek. Its original site was located just west of where the road bearing its name, Howell Mill Road, crosses the creek.

There were actually several Howell's Mills. In addition to the most well-known mill on Peachtree Creek, the Howell family established two other mills on Nancy Creek to the northwest. The mill located south of West Paces Ferry Road and Nancy Creek was known as 'Charley Howell's Mill', after Charles Augustus Howell (born Nov. 1845), one of Clark Howell's sons. It is now the site of the Hardin Construction Company.

The Atlanta Humane Society is located on Howell Mill Road, leading one former morning show host on a local radio station to call it "Howlllllll" Mill Road when doing their pet of the week segments.

Johnston's Mill Johnston's Mill was owned by William Johnston (1789–1855) and was a landmark of Federal military operations in the summer of 1864. It was on Briarwood Road between Buford Highway and I-85 on the North Fork of Peachtree Creek.

Lee's Mill Between Fayetteville and Tyrone on the Flint River. The road runs from the intersection with GA 92 in Fayetteville (New Hope Road is the continuation of the thoroughfare) to Sandy Creek Road outside of Tyrone. A roundabout was recently added midway along the road due to the construction of Veteran's Parkway. It is cited on the 1864 Civil War Military Atlas.

South of the Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport, and near the towns of Forest Park and Riverdale, is another mill named Lee's Mill. It was built during the Civil War by the father of pioneer W.J. Lee. The mill would be named after W.J. Lee, who was also the county surveyor, and would own the mill afterwards. Lee's Mill operated since then, until 1933 after the death of W.J. Lee.

Floods by the Flint River, and nearby tributaries such as Sullivan Creek and Mud Creek, erode what is left of Lee's Mill's ruins. Luck Stone, a Virginia-based company, owns the land at Lee's Mill. Lee's Mill can be accessed via Lee's Mill Road, in northern unincorporated Clayton County, and the mill is located by the Flint River and Sullivan Creek.

Mason Mill Mason Mill was a flour mill built by Ezekiel Mason before the Civil War in the 1850s, and located east of Atlanta on the bank of Burnt Fork Creek close to its merger with the south fork of Peachtree Creek near Decatur. Mason Mill Road meets Clairmont Road near this point. Built by slaves, the sluice or flume for the mill ran back to Clairmont Lake.

In 1906 the property was sold to the City of Decatur, and Mason Mill became a part of the Decatur Waterworks, a complex system supplying drinking water to the City until 1947.

Moore's Mill Moore's Mill was established along Peachtree Creek in 1828 by Thomas Moore. A Civil War battle took place here on July 19, 1864.

Mundy's Mill Mundy's Mill was located between Jonesboro and Fayetteville.

Pace's Mill Pace's Mill belonged to Hardy Pace, one of Atlanta's founders. Located in what is now Vinings (formerly Paces), Paces Mill Road is a small spur route off of the much busier Paces Ferry Road.

Paper Mill The Marietta Paper Mill was built on the banks of Sope Creek as part of an industrial complex, near where it ends into the Chattahoochee River. The original structures which housed the Marietta Paper Mills were incorporated in 1859. The mills were burned by a detachment of Gen. Kenner Garrard's cavalry division on July 5, 1864. It was rebuilt after the war, the mill burned in 1870. It was restored in 1871, and it operated until 1902. Its ruins are still there, protected by the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area. Located in Cobb County, it is accessible via two-lane Paper Mill Road, which connects to nearby Johnson Ferry Road. In the west, the road briefly combines with Terrell Mill Road just before ending at Lower Roswell Road as Old Paper Mill Road. Paper Mill Road was carried over Sope Creek by a covered bridge, which was burned by arson in the late 1960s.

Pickett's Mill Pickett's Mill was located near Dallas in Paulding County. It was the site of the Battle of Pickett's Mill during the Civil War.

Poole's Mill Located in the extreme northwest of Forsyth County, 10-acres in size, Poole's Mill Park's main attraction is the covered bridge over the swift moving Settendown Creek near the center of the thickly forested park. The bridge was built in 1901, and the park is on the National Historic Registry.

Queen Mill Queen Mill (or Queen's Mill) was opposite Fulton County Airport between Mableton Parkway and Interstate 20. Present day Queen Mill Road is named for the historic mill.

Rex Mill

Located in Clayton County, it was originally built and known as Hollingsworth Mill. Isaiah Hollingsworth built the mill and it is recorded in the U.S. Official Civil War Military Atlas (Map Book). The mill is still standing and is located off Georgia Highway 42 on Rex Road. The mill witnessed the passing of a Division of U.S. General Sherman's Federal Army on November 16, 1864. A popular place known as “Tuckers Cabin” was located within eye site of the mill.

Rock Mill Near Alpharetta.

Rope Mill Near Woodstock, Georgia.

Roswell Mill

Roswell Mill was a cluster of mills located in Fulton County near Vickery Creek in Roswell, Georgia, north of Atlanta. The mills were best known for producing finished textiles from raw materials grown on nearby plantations, and the group was "the largest cotton mill in north Georgia" at its height. The mill grew steadily, at one point producing wool and flour in addition to cotton textiles. This diversification progressed through several phases of ownership well into the 20th century, and the mill continued producing textiles until its eventual shutdown of operations in 1975.

Sewell Mill