Oliní Group

The Oliní Group (, K3k5o, K2ol, Kso) is a fossiliferous geological group of the VMM, VSM and the eastern flanks of the Central and western flanks of the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The regional group stretches from north to south across approximately and dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Coniacian, Santonian and Campanian epochs, and has a maximum thickness of . Fossils of Eonatator coellensis have been found in the unit, near Coello, Tolima.

Etymology The group was named in 1954 by Peters, and redefined by De Porta in 1965.Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.24 The group was named after Quebrada Oliní in Chaparral, Tolima.Quebrada Oliní, Chaparral

Subdivisions The Oliní Group is a geological group usually described as a whole due to the problematic lateral continuity,Guerrero et al., 2000, p.58 although in other cases the individual formations forming the group are used. Earlier names used were Lower Chert member, Upper Sandstone Member and Upper Chert member.Reyes et al., 2006, p.65 According to Acosta and Ulloa (2002), the group is subdivided into, from bottom to top:

Lower Lydite Formation Native name - (Ksli)Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.25 Definition - Cáceres and Etayo (1969) Age - early Coniacian Thickness - Lithologies - radiolarites (lydites), chert and siliceous siltstones Fossil content - Globigerina cretacea, Inoceramus peruanus, Texanites aff. serratomarginatus Depositional environment - anoxic pelagic

Claystone Level Native name - (Ksl, Ksom) Definition - De Porta (1965) Age - Santonian Thickness - Lithologies - siltstones, calcareous and siliceous mica-bearing mudstones intercalated by thick banks of fine sandstones and sporadic shaly limestones Fossil content - Bulimina compreza, Dentalina lorneiana, Haplophragmoides excavata, Anomalina redmondi, Dicarinella asymetrica, D. concavata, Rosita fornicataAcosta & Ulloa, 2001b, p.51 Depositional environment - platformAcosta & Ulloa, 2001b, p.52

Upper Lydite Formation Native name - (Ksls)Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.27 Definition - De Porta (1965) Age - Campanian Thickness - Reyes et al., 2006, p.66 Lithologies - calcareous siltstones, chert, radiolarites and micritic limestones with thin beds of conglomerates Fossil content - Wheelerella, Sporobulimina, Siphogenerinoides, Globirinelloides praeriehillensis, Rugoglobigerina sp., Globotruncana aff. insignis?, G. ?ventricosa Depositional environment - outer platform

Paleontology

Fossils of the mosasaur Eonatator coellensis were found near Coello, Tolima in the Oliní Group.Eonatator coellensis at Fossilworks.orgPáramo Fonseca, 2013

Stratigraphy and depositional environment The Oliní Group conformablyAcosta & Ulloa, 2001a, p.60 overlies the Loma Gorda Formation of the Güagüaquí Group and is overlain by the Cimarrona Formation in the VMM, the Córdoba Formation in the Guaduas Syncline and the La Tabla Formation near Tocaima and in Huila and Tolima. The age has been estimated on the basis of ammonites to be ranging from Coniacian to Campanian. Stratigraphically, the lower part of the formation is time equivalent with the upper part of the Chipaque Formation and the Conejo Formation,Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.34 while the upper portion correlates with the La Luna Formation and Guadalupe Group.Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.22 The Oliní Group was deposited in a relative high sea level environment in an outer platform setting,Acosta & Ulloa, 2001a, p.62 following a sequence boundary, forming the base of the unit. The radiolarites of the Upper Lydite Formation represent a maximum flooding surface.Villamil, 2012, p.205

Outcrops

The type locality of the Oliní Group is Quebrada Oliní in Chaparral, Tolima. The group is furthermore found over a large stretch in the eastern Central and western Eastern Ranges of Colombia, bordering the Magdalena River on both sides. The group crops out to the northwest of Vélez in the hanging wall of the El Minero Fault,Plancha 170, 2009 around Caparrapí,Plancha 189, 2005 in the footwall of the El Cámbulo Fault between Útica and Guaduas and in the Bituima Synclinal,Plancha 208, 1998 where it is cross-cut by the Vianí Fault and occurs in the hanging wall of the Alto del Trigo Fault,Plancha 227, 1998 in the heavily faulted banks of the Magdalena River surrounding Guataquí and northwest of Coello and in the Eastern Ranges cross-cut by the Sumapaz River northeast of Ricaurte,Plancha 245, 1999 in the hangingwall of the Salcedo Fault to the west of Apulo,Plancha 246, 1998 on both sides of the Cucuana River near Ortega,Plancha 263, 2009 in both the hangingwall and footwall of the El Páramo Fault east and south of Carmen de Apicalá and in the hangingwall of the Prado Fault,Plancha 264, 2002 the hangingwall of the Quinini Fault west and south of Icononzo,Plancha 265, 2009 the footwall of the La Pava Fault east and southeast of Chaparral,Plancha 282, 1993 in the footwall and hangingwall of the Altamizal Fault east of Dolores, east and west of the Prado Reservoir near Prado,Plancha 283, 1995 in the footwall and hangingwall of the Chusma Fault, west of Aipe,Plancha 302, 1993 east of Alpujarra,Plancha 303, 2002 in the footwall of the Baché Fault in Palermo,Plancha 323, 1998 offset by the Picarní and San Andrés Faults,Plancha 344, 1999 north of Yaguará,Plancha 345, 1999 east of La Plata, Huila,Plancha 366, 1998 and the southernmost exposure is found in Naranjal, where the group is emplaced by the Altamira Fault.Plancha 389, 2003

Oliní Group

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