In military terms, 123rd Division or 123rd Infantry Division may refer to:
Infantry divisions 123rd Infantry Division (German Empire) 123rd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Germany 123rd Division (Imperial Japanese Army) 123rd Rifle Division, Soviet Union 123rd Guards Motor Rifle Division, Soviet Union
See also List of military divisions by number 123rd Brigade (disambiguation) 123rd Regiment (disambiguation) 123rd Squadron (disambiguation) 123rd (disambiguation)