Process–architecture–optimization is a development model for central processing units (CPUs) that Intel adopted in 2016. Under this three-phase (three-year) model, every microprocessor die shrink is followed by a microarchitecture change and then by one or more optimizations. It replaced the two-phase (two-year) tick–tock model that Intel adopted in 2006. The tick–tock model was no longer economically sustainable, according to Intel, because production of ever smaller dies becomes ever more costly.Tick Tock On The Rocks: Intel Delays 10nm, Adds 3rd Gen 14nm Core Product "Kaby Lake". AnandTech. 16 July 2015.
Roadmap Wave Process(die shrink) Architecture Optimizations Optionalbackport 1:14 nm 2014:Broadwell(5th gen) 2015:Skylake(6th gen) 2016:Kaby Lake(7th gen) 2017:Coffee Lake(8th gen) 2018:Coffee Lake Refresh(9th gen) 2019:Comet Lake(10th gen) 2021:Rocket Lake(11th gen, Cypress Cove) References:Intel Launches 7th Generation Kaby Lake: 15W/28W with Iris, 35-91W Desktop and Mobile Xeon - 03 January 2017.Intel’s Path to 10nm: 2010 to 2019 - 25 January 2019 2:10 nm(Intel 7) 2018:Cannon Lake: only 1 CPU released, microarchitecture dumped 1.5 year later.Cannon Lake(8th gen, Palm Cove) 2019:Ice Lake(10th gen, Sunny Cove) 2020:Tiger Lake(11th gen, Willow Cove) 2021:Alder Lake(12th gen, Golden Cove) 2022:Raptor Lake(13th gen) 2023:Raptor Lake Refresh (14th gen) 2025:Raptor Lake Refresh (Core 200) References:Intel's 10nm Cannon Lake and Core i3-8121U Deep Dive Review - 25 January 2019.Intel Raptor Lake's rumoured 24 cores could crush multi-threaded applications - 11 June 2021. 3:Intel 4& Intel 3 2023:Meteor Lake(14th gen) 2025:Arrow Lake-U(Ultra 200U) References:Meteor Lake, Intel's first 7nm CPU, to tape in before July this year and release in 2023 - 23 March 2021. 3:Intel 20A?& Intel 18A 2025: Panther Lake (Ultra 300) 2026?: Nova Lake (Ultra 400?) References:
See also List of Intel CPU microarchitectures Tick–tock model Template:Intel processor roadmap Speculative execution CPU vulnerabilities
Notes
References