Baku is the capital city of Azerbaijan. On the coast of the Caspian Sea, in the Caucasus region, it is an international junction of land and sea trade routes and the center of Azerbaijan's economic life. The city's economy encompasses a number of sectors.

Industry Heavy industry Baku's main branches of heavy industry include oil and gas extraction, shipbuilding, steelmaking, mechanical engineering, and chemical manufacturing. The city also manufactures equipment for local and international oil and gas extraction, including a deep foundation plant in Sahil, and engineering plant in Keshla and clay and steel plants in Binagadi.

The Baku Steel Company meets local demand for casting imported steel. It has two electric arc furnaces and three rolling lines, with an annual steel-production capacity of 1,000,000 tonnes. The company manufactures rebar, square and round billets, channels, rolled wire, angle bars, I-beams, square and round rods, and related products. Steel Structures, the open joint-stock company Baku Steel Construction, and several other plants produce products for the construction industry. Radio-electronics factories and car and shipbuilding plants (Baku Shipyard) also operate in the city. The Gozdak, Shuvalan, and Korgöz quarries surrounding Baku produce sawn stones. Reinforced concrete, asbestos and brick plants, and the Garadagh cement plant produce construction materials.

Light industry Clothing is an important part of Baku's light industry, in addition to shoe and leather plants. Baku-Glass produces bottles for juice and alcoholic beverages, and Baku Sewing House manufactures coats, jackets, suits and casual clothing. Caucasus Paper Industry is one of the largest producers of cleansing and hygienic paper in Azerbaijan and the South Caucasus.

Mining

Oil production decreased by 6.2 percent from 2016 to 2017, and commercial gas production decreased by 2.2 percent. +Crude oil and natural gasProductJanuary–November 2017January–November 2016 (%)1 December 2017 stockpileCrude oil (including gas condensate), thousand tons34,889.893.8216Natural gas, million cubic meters16,551.497.8 - +Other mining productsProductJanuary–November 2017January–November 2016 (%)1 December 2017 stockpileLimestone for construction, thousand tons112.380.4 -Gravel, crushed stone31,942.6167.6 -Gypsum and anhydride, tons19,739.81302,585.6 Total 2017 oil production was m2,469.2 million, a 9.2-percent decrease from January to November of the previous year. Petrol production increased by 4.7 percent, petroleum coke by 6.8 percent, bitumen by 22.7 percent, and lubricating oil by 370 percent. Diesel-fuel production decreased by 20 percent, mazut fuel oil by 42.6 percent, and white petrolatum by 6.9 percent. +Oil production (thousand tons)ProductJanuary–November 2017January–November 2016 (%)1 December 2017 stockpilePetrol for cars1,097.6104.755.2Petrol for petrochemical use16996.51.1White petroleum53993.113.4Diesel fuel1,718.48053.1Mazut262.557.47Lubricating oil33.63708.2Bitumen208.8122.72.9Petroleum coke197.5106.81.3

Manufacturing From January to November 2017, goods with a value of m4,843.7 million were manufactured. PeriodChange from previous year (%)Change from previous year (%)20162017January99.2102.0January–February103.592.5January–March103.884.1January–April106.289.6January–May106.489.6January–June112.789.3January–July103.989.3January–August98.989.2January–September99.987.9January–October100.189.4January–November100.089.9January-December99.1102.0

Agriculture Baku's agricultural sector has been developed in the city's suburbs. Due to its semi-desert, dry-steppe climate, olives, pistachios, almonds and saffron are also grown. Total area (ha)201020132014201520162017Potatoes 202010101819Vegetables4596064565096881196Plants and flowers131010111111Fruits and berries1,2771,4661,4831,5262,8992,927Grapes1,4981,4351,4411,4411,3001,303Production (tons)Potatoes501363650134128Vegetables13,86823,8617,5618,69312,81253,343Plants and flowers10580174322103102Fruits and berries3,9726,9997,1256,0224,6885,313Grapes14,8009,6008,9189,4337,9638,009Production (centners per ha)Potatoes256834507667Vegetables1582941541359150Plants and flowers84801742939393Fruits and berries31.147.848.641.118.419.2Grapes23.147.839.947.841.240.8Total livestockCattle (including water buffalo)5,3435,9636,2036,0228,2898,341Sheep and goats2,7552,7103,1552,8263,8804,360Pigs15,93816,48016,46613,54018,87218,359Birds578438447422125152Animal products (tons)393,465334,126298,699557,474504,016875,447Meat1,1801,9941,9962,3022,4342,406Milk3,7995,0823,9104,0584,2454,669Eggs10,2527,3015,5979,6787,4587,391Wool363631312731

Tourism

Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, receives 2.5 million tourists a year. According to Ilya Umansky, vice president of the Association of Tour Operators of Russia, Baku has become a more popular tourist destination in recent years.

Tourism in the city of Baku, Azerbaijan.

Tourism in Baku

Construction The new Baku Higher Oil School campus, the new Narimanov District Court administrative building, a bridge in Pirallahı raion, the Pirallahi Solar Power Plant, the Balakhani Industrial Park, the Baku–Tbilisi–Kars railway, the Pirshagi-Novkhani road and the Binagadi-Novkhani-Corat highway were completed between January and November 2017. Almost three-quarters of the funds allocated to capital assets were spent on construction. +Construction costs, January–November 2017Total (thousand m)January–November 2016 (%)Baku5,130,130104RaionsBinəqədi227,090.397.9Xətai858,471.7103.9Xəzər100,992.83.9 d.Qaradağ492,102.9120.5Nərimanov476,879.7112.3Nəsimi1,047,540.8123.5Nizami168,072.843,2Sabunçu114,550.7163.7Səbail1,073,62885.7Suraxanı47,033.788Yasamal523,766.7131.1

Metallurgy Baku is considered one of the country's largest metallurgy centers due to the availability of scrap metal, local energy resources (oil and natural gas) and a large, well-trained labor force. The city produces non-ferrous and ferrous metals.

Transportation Baku's transportation system consists of the Baku Metro, buses, and taxis. According to data from January to November 2017, freight transport by road increased by 1.6 percent over 2016 to 5,3021.2 thousand tons. Passenger transportation increased by 0.1 percent, to 623,024.1 thousand passengers. The number of metro passengers increased by 5.3 percent over 2016, to 207.6 million.

Consumption From January to November 2017, the cost of consumer products and services in Baku increased 2.2 percent over the same period of 2016 to m21,964.1 million. Non-governmental goods and services made up 95.6 percent of the total; retail goods and services in this sector increased by 1.7 percent over the previous year, to m21,001.3 million. +Consumer spendingMarketsJanuary–November 2017 (million m)2016 (%)Total21,964.1102.2On state property962.8115.1On non-state property21,001.3101.7Private enterprise15,663.599.4

Pipelines The Baku-Novorossiysk, Baku-Supsa (Georgia) and Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (Turkey since 2006) pipelines originate in Baku and transport Azerbaijani oil to the global market.

See also Economy of Azerbaijan

References