Carex oligosperma, common name fewseed sedge, few-seeded sedge, and few-fruited sedge, is a perennial plant in the Carex genus. A distinct variety, Carex oligosperma var. oligosperma, exists.

Conservation status It is a species of special concern and believed extirpated in Connecticut, It is endangered in Illinois, Massachusetts, and North Carolina, and threatened in Ohio and Pennsylvania.

Native American ethnobotany The Haudenosaunee take a compound decoction of the plant as an emetic before running or playing lacrosse.Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 275

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